Explorers Marquette and Joliet
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Questions and Answers

What was a primary factor contributing to the population decline of Native Americans?

  • A preference for European goods and lifestyles.
  • Improved agricultural practices introduced by Europeans.
  • Reduced access to traditional hunting grounds.
  • The introduction of European diseases and conflicts. (correct)

    • Why did the French initially explore Illinois in the 17th century?

  • To map the Mississippi River and find the Northwest Passage. (correct)
  • To establish military outposts against British expansion.
  • To convert Native Americans to Christianity.
  • To establish permanent agricultural settlements.

    • What was the primary outcome of the French and Indian War for Native Americans in Illinois?

  • Greater autonomy and self-governance.
  • Loss of land and stricter British control. (correct)
  • Increased access to European trade goods.
  • An alliance with the British against the French.

    • What was the key requirement Illinois had to meet to become a state?

    <p>Reaching a population of 60,000 as per the Northwest Ordinance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was Chicago not a significant location when Illinois achieved statehood?

    <p>It was still a small settlement and not a major center of population or trade. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which explorer is known for claiming the Mississippi River Valley for France?

    <p>René-Robert Cavelier, sieur de La Salle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of the Proclamation of 1763?

    <p>To reduce conflict with Native Americans by limiting colonial settlement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Cahokia in pre-Columbian societies?

    <p>It was known for its advanced agriculture and monumental earthworks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 have on the region?

    <p>It established a path to statehood and banned slavery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leader united several Native American tribes against British rule in the Great Lakes region?

    <p>Pontiac (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the main goals of the exploration led by Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet?

    <p>To find the Northwest Passage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was Vandalia chosen as the second capital of Illinois?

    <p>It was chosen to centralize the government as the population grew and moved north. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first governor of Illinois?

    <p>Shadrach Bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Bering Land Bridge

    Ancient migration route connecting Asia to North America.

    Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet

    First Europeans to contact Illinois Native Americans in 1673.

    French and Indian War

    Conflict between French, British, and Native Americans over land and fur trade dominance.

    Illinois Statehood

    Achieved in 1818 after meeting the Northwest Ordinance's population requirement of 60,000.

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    Chicago's significance in 1818

    Insignificant small settlement not yet a major trade center at statehood.

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    Jacques Marquette

    A French Jesuit missionary who explored the Mississippi River in 1673.

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    Louis Joliet

    A French-Canadian explorer who partnered with Marquette in 1673 to explore the Illinois region.

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    Illinois Confederacy

    A group of Native American tribes in Illinois known for farming and mound-building before colonization.

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    Pontiac’s War

    A rebellion led by Ottawa Chief Pontiac in 1763 against British rule in the Great Lakes region.

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    Northwest Ordinance

    A 1787 law that organized the Northwest Territory and banned slavery, promoting statehood for Illinois.

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    Cahokia

    An ancient Native American city near St. Louis, flourishing from 1050 to 1350 AD, known for earthworks.

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    Proclamation of 1763

    A British decree preventing colonial expansion west of the Appalachians to reduce conflict with Native Americans.

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    Vandalia

    Illinois' second capital established in 1820 centralizing government as the population grew.

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    Study Notes

    Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet

    • Marquette and Joliet were French Jesuit missionaries and explorers.
    • In 1673, they were among the first Europeans to contact Native Americans in Illinois.
    • They mapped the Mississippi River.
    • Their explorations helped France expand its influence in the region.

    Louis Joliet

    • Joliet, a French Canadian, partnered with Marquette.
    • Together, they explored the Mississippi River and Illinois region.
    • They aimed to locate the Northwest Passage.
    • They made contact with native groups, including those of the Illinois Confederacy.

    Illinois Confederacy

    • A coalition of Native American tribes in Illinois before European contact.
    • Included the Kaskaskia and Peoria tribes.
    • Renowned for their farming practices and mound-building.
    • Suffered displacement and decline due to colonization and disease.

    Pontiac's War

    • A 1763 rebellion led by Ottawa Chief Pontiac.
    • Involved various tribes uniting against British forces in the Great Lakes region.
    • Pontiac's War aimed to resist land encroachment.
    • The rebellion significantly impacted British policies, such as the Proclamation of 1763.

    Northwest Ordinance

    • A 1787 law that governed the Northwest Territory.
    • Included the modern state of Illinois.
    • Established a process for territories to become states.
    • Banned slavery in the Northwest Territory. Shaped the region's political and social structures.

    Cahokia

    • A significant ancient Native American city.
    • Located near modern St. Louis.
    • Flourished between 1050 and 1350 AD.
    • Known for its large population, advanced agriculture, and monumental earthworks.

    Shadrach Bond

    • Illinois' first governor (1818-1822).
    • Served Illinois' first capital at Kaskaskia.
    • Helped establish the state's early government.

    René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle

    • A French explorer in the 17th century.
    • Claimed the Mississippi River valley for France in 1682.
    • Expanded French territory and influence in North America.

    Proclamation of 1763

    • A British decree that followed the end of the French and Indian War.
    • Prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains.
    • Aimed at reducing conflict with Native American tribes.

    Vandalia

    • Illinois' second capital.
    • Founded in 1820.
    • Chosen to centralize government as population grew and moved further north.

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    Related Documents

    Illinois Before Early Statehood Study Guide PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the journeys of French Jesuit missionaries Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet. Learn about their significant explorations of the Mississippi River and their interactions with Native American tribes, including the Illinois Confederacy. Discover the historical context of their adventures and the impact they had on European colonization in North America.

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