Exploration and Colonization Quiz

Mercantilism

• An economic theory that focuses on expanding a nation's wealth by exporting more goods than it imports.
• This theory encourages policies that benefit domestic production and restrict foreign competition.

Cartographers

• Individuals skilled in creating maps.
• Played a crucial role in European exploration and expansion by providing accurate representations of the world.

Conquistadors

• European explorers and conquerors who ventured into territories previously unknown to Europe.
• Their motivation was driven by the "three Gs": God, Glory, and Gold.
• They sought to establish colonies, spread Christianity, and acquire wealth.

Viceroy

• A governor appointed by a monarch to rule over a colony.
• Represented the king in the colonies and exercised administrative and judicial authority.

Jesuits

• Members of the Society of Jesus, a Catholic religious order founded in the 16th century.
• Known for their missionary work, education, and intellectual contributions.

Shogun

• The supreme military leader of Japan during the feudal period.
• Held immense political power and controlled the country.

Daimyo

• Powerful feudal lords in Japan who commanded large armies.
• Held land and controlled their own territory.

Kabuki

• A form of Japanese theatre characterized by elaborate costumes, stylized movements, and dramatic storytelling.
• Popular entertainment during the Edo period.

Tokugawa Shogunate

• The military government of Japan that ruled during the Edo period (1603-1868).
• Implemented a system of strict social hierarchy and centralized control.

Samurai

• The warrior class in feudal Japan.
• Known for their loyalty, skill in combat, and adherence to a strict code of conduct.

Simony

• The illegal practice of buying or selling church offices or religious positions.
• Considered a sin in Christianity.

Sacraments

• Important rituals and ceremonies in Christianity believed to convey God's grace.
• Examples include baptism, communion, and confession.

Peninsulares

• Individuals of Spanish descent who were born in Spain but resided in the colonies.
• Held the highest social and political positions in the Spanish colonies.

Criollos

• Individuals of Spanish descent born in the Spanish colonies in Asia and the Americas.
• Although they were considered Spanish, they lacked the same privileges as Peninsulares.

Mestizos

• People of mixed race, typically with both Spanish and indigenous ancestry.
• Formed a significant part of the population in the Spanish colonies.