Early Modern Europe (Unit 6) Quiz

Early Modern Europe (Unit 6)

• Terms to Know:
  • Mercantilism: An economic system focused on accumulating wealth through trade, often with government intervention.
  • Caravel: A small, highly maneuverable sailing ship used by European explorers.
  • Triangular Trade: A system of trade routes between Europe, Africa, and the Americas involving the exchange of goods and enslaved people.
  • Battle of Lepanto: A significant naval battle in 1571 between the Holy League and the Ottoman Empire.
  • Peace of Westphalia: Treaties that ended the Thirty Years' War.
  • Petition of Right: A document asserting the rights of English subjects against the King.
  • Restoration: Period in English history characterized by monarchy
  • Junkers: Prussian nobles, influential during the Hohenzollern era.
  • Defenestration of Prague: A significant event in the Thirty Years' War, involving the throwing of imperial officials from a Prague window.
  • Age of Exploration: Period of European exploration and discovery.
  • Astrolabe/Compass: Tools used for navigation, aiding early exploration.
  • Smallpox: This disease had devastating consequences for Indigenous populations in the Americas.
  • Spanish Armada: A naval fleet sent by Spain to challenge England.
  • Puritans: Religious group in England who sought to purify the Church of England
  • Cavaliers: Supporters of the King during the English Civil War
  • Glorious Revolution: The overthrow of King James II by William III and Mary II
  • "Sparta of the North": A nickname for Sweden's rise to prominence in the Baltic Region.
  • Treaty of Tordesillas: A treaty that divided the newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal
  • Columbian Exchange: Transfer of plants animals, culture and people between the Old and New World.
  • Huguenots: French Protestants
  • Thirty Years War: A long-lasting war in Europe, involving religious and political conflicts.
  • Absolutism: A system of government where a monarch holds total and centralized power.
  • English Civil War: A conflict between the English Parliament and the monarchy, resulting in the execution of a King.
  • Fronde: A series of civil wars in France against Cardinal Mazarin's regime, challenging the power of the monarchy
  • Boyars: Aristocratic advisors to the Russian tsar.
  • Alfonso de Albuquerque: A Portuguese nobleman and explorer, important in the Age of Discovery.
  • Henry of Navarre (Henry IV): King of France, who converted to Catholicism.
  • James I & II: Monarchs of England and Scotland, who reigned as king during the early modern period.
  • Louis XIV: Known as the "Sun King", a powerful French Monarch.
  • Peter the Great: Tsar of Russia, who led significant reforms and expanded Russian influence.
  • Cortes& Pizarro: Spanish conquistadors.
  • Prince Henry the Navigator: Led Portuguese voyages of discovery.

People to Know

• Christopher Columbus: Italian explorer who sailed under the Spanish flag.
• Philip II: King of Spain who sought to expand the Spanish Empire
• Charles I& Charles II: English Monarchs
• Jean-Baptiste Colbert: French finance minister during Louis XIV's reign.
• Elizabeth I: Queen of England and notable Tudor monarch
• Oliver Cromwell: English general and leader during the English Civil War.
• Frederick William: Elector of Brandenburg and King of Prussia, known for establishing a strong Prussian military.
• Vasco de Gama A Portuguese navigator and explorer who sailed around the Cape of Good Hope.
• Ferdinand Magellan A Portuguese explorer who organized the Spanish expedition to circumnavigate the world
• Sir Francis Drake An English explorer and privateer (pirate) who circumnavigated the world.
• William of Orange and Mary II: English monarchs
• Ivan the Terrible: Russian Tsar who rose to power and consolidated his power

Places to Know

• United Provinces of the Netherlands: An important Dutch Republic, significant during the era
• Austria: Important European power, frequently involved in conflict.
• Holy Roman Empire: A major European entity during the early modern era
• Portugal: A key player and colonizer throughout the period.
• The Hapsburg Empire: A vast empire with significant influence across Europe.
• Palace of Versailles: Significant French building and important royal residence.
• Prussia: A rising European power.
• St. Petersburg: Significant city in Russia, developed by Peter the Great.

Essay Topic

• Explain the impacts and consequences of the Columbian Exchange on various regions (remember utilizing the class chart and DBQ assignment).