cognitive development in young adulthood

According to scholars in this area, how long does it typically take to attain expertise in most fields?

10 years (correct)
20 years
5 years
15 years

At what age is expertise generally first reached?

During late adulthood
During early adulthood
During adolescence
During middle adulthood (correct)

When does expertise continue to develop?

During early adulthood
During adolescence
During middle adulthood (correct)
During late adulthood

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Expertise = Extensive knowledge and skills in a specific field Young adulthood = Period in life when most people begin steady work in a specific field Emerging adulthood = Period in life preceding young adulthood Middle adulthood = Period in life when expertise continues to develop Signup and view all the answers

Match the following authors with their contributions to the study of expertise:

Chi, Glaser & Farr, 2014 = Highlighted the shift in cognitive development towards gaining expertise Ullén, Hambrick & Mosing, 2016 = Emphasized the importance of expertise in a specific field Feldhusen, 2005 = Stated that it takes about 10 years of study or practice to attain expertise Signup and view all the answers

Match the following stages of life with the associated developments in expertise:

Emerging adulthood = Focus moves more towards gaining expertise Young adulthood = Period when most people begin steady work in a specific field and expertise is generally first reached Middle adulthood = Expertise continues to develop Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about gaining expertise is supported by the text?

Experts can quickly form ideas about how to address new problems or tasks. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What advantage does expertise provide when problems arise?

Experts are able to anticipate and head off problems before they develop. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why do experts waste less time than novices in pursuing potential solutions?

Experts know what has not worked in the past. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following authors with their research on expertise:

Chi et al., 2014 = Gaining expertise allows people to address problems more quickly and efficiently Masunaga & Horn, 2001 = Experts waste less time than novices in pursuing potential solutions Signup and view all the answers

Match the following benefits of gaining expertise with their descriptions:

Store of knowledge and experience = Knowing something about a problem or task when confronted with it Quick formation of ideas = Understanding how new situations should be addressed based on past experience Understanding of what has worked in the past = Avoiding potential solutions that are unlikely to bear fruit Anticipation of problems = Using experience to foresee and prevent issues before they develop Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scenarios with the benefits of expertise:

Running a business = Knows from experience what kinds of problems are likely to arise Addressing a new situation = Forms ideas quickly on how it should be handled based on past experience Pursuing potential solutions = Wastes less time than novices due to knowledge of what has not worked in the past Confronted with a problem or task = Likely to know something about it due to a store of knowledge and experience Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of life does a burst of brain development take place, leading to the formation of dendritic connections between neurons?

Adolescence (C) Signup and view all the answers

At what age is the brain believed to reach adult maturity, with the period of overproduction/exuberance long past and synaptic pruning no longer taking place at a high rate?

Late 20s (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the brain's maturity during young adulthood is particularly noted to reflect cognitive changes that underlie expertise?

Frontal cortex (B) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following phrases with their meanings in the context of brain development:

Overproduction/Exuberance = The phase during adolescence where dendritic connections between neurons multiply vastly Synaptic Pruning = The process of reducing dendritic connections, continuing into the 20s Frontal Cortex Maturity = Reflects cognitive changes that underlie expertise during young adulthood Adult Brain Maturity = Late 20s, when overproduction/exuberance is past and synaptic pruning is not at a high rate Signup and view all the answers

Match the following processes with their impact on the development of expertise:

Overproduction/Exuberance = Establishes a vast number of dendritic connections between neurons Synaptic Pruning = Refines and optimizes the neural network by eliminating unnecessary connections Frontal Cortex Maturity = Promotes focused attention and goal-directed behaviour leading to expertise Adult Brain Maturity = Marks the end of high-rate synaptic pruning and the onset of stable neural network Signup and view all the answers

Match the following authors with their contributions to the study of brain development and expertise:

Chi et al., 2014 = Research on how brain development underlies the development of expertise during young adulthood Eslinger & Biddle, 2008 = Noted the maturity of the frontal cortex during young adulthood reflects cognitive changes that underlie expertise Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common way to assess creativity?

Measuring the number of works produced (C) Signup and view all the answers

At what age do creative achievements typically peak?

Late 30s and early 40s (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key challenge in measuring creativity?

Deriving a test for creativity (D) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements with their relevance to the topic of creativity:

A creative person is someone who is able to put ideas or materials together in new, culturally meaningful ways = Definition of Creativity Creativity in musical composition could be judged by how much a work has been performed = Measure of Creativity Creative achievements rise during young adulthood and peak in the late 30s and early 40s = Creativity and Age Tests are scored for ‘right answers’, and creativity involves coming up with answers than no one had thought of before = Challenge in Measuring Creativity Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scholars with their contribution to the study of creativity and age:

Dennis, 1966 = Study on creativity peaking in late 30s and early 40s Dixon, 2003 = Research on creativity decline through middle and later adulthood Runco, 2014 = Discussion on the difficulty of measuring creativity Simonton, 1996, 2000 = Investigation on the rise of creative achievements during young adulthood Signup and view all the answers

Match the aspects of creativity with their descriptions:

Invention of a new electronic device = Example of Creativity Assessments of creativity focused on the number of works a person produces = Method of Measuring Creativity Young adulthood is an exceptionally creative life stage = Creativity and Life Stage Creativity involves coming up with answers than no one had thought of before = Characteristic of Creativity Signup and view all the answers

Which field tends to have the highest peak of creativity in young adulthood?

Artists (C) Signup and view all the answers

At what age did Beethoven complete his Ninth Symphony, often considered his best work?

54 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which author is mentioned as still writing powerful novels in her 70s?

Joyce Carol Oates (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of life is associated with the highest likelihood of combining expertise with other cognitive qualities that contribute to creativity?

Adolescence (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why creativity does not continue to rise throughout life, even though people continue to develop expertise in middle adulthood and beyond?

Familiarity breeds rigidity (A) Signup and view all the answers

When does the relationship between creativity and expertise start to become evident in a field?

During young adulthood (B) Signup and view all the answers