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It is created to test a hypothesis about a behavior. The researcher must be able to set up these conditions for any individual who ends up as a subject in the experiment.
It is created to test a hypothesis about a behavior. The researcher must be able to set up these conditions for any individual who ends up as a subject in the experiment.
Antecedent conditions or treatments
It is an approach that do not create levels of an independent variable nor randomly assign subjects to these levels.
It is an approach that do not create levels of an independent variable nor randomly assign subjects to these levels.
Nonexperimental approach
It is used where experiments are not ethical or practical, or where we want to test hypotheses in real-life settings.
It is used where experiments are not ethical or practical, or where we want to test hypotheses in real-life settings.
Nonexperimental approaches
Non experimental approaches are useful in studying behaviors in natural setting
Non experimental approaches are useful in studying behaviors in natural setting
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Non experimental approaches are useful in exploring unique/rare occurrences
Non experimental approaches are useful in exploring unique/rare occurrences
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Non experimental approaches are useful in sampling personal information
Non experimental approaches are useful in sampling personal information
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It refers to which a researcher can establish a causal relationship between the independent and dependent variable
It refers to which a researcher can establish a causal relationship between the independent and dependent variable
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We are certain that the changes in behavior observed across treatment conditions ( different groups in your study) were actually caused by differences in treatments.
We are certain that the changes in behavior observed across treatment conditions ( different groups in your study) were actually caused by differences in treatments.
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An _______ experiment allows us to draw cause and effect conclusions.
An _______ experiment allows us to draw cause and effect conclusions.
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Laboratory experiments are often higher in internal validity because of their ________.
Laboratory experiments are often higher in internal validity because of their ________.
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It refers to the degree to which research findings can ve generalized to other settings and individuals.
It refers to the degree to which research findings can ve generalized to other settings and individuals.
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When observations can be generalized to other settings and other people, they are ______
When observations can be generalized to other settings and other people, they are ______
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are more frequently conducted in real-world setting with a more diverse sample of participants than experiments.
are more frequently conducted in real-world setting with a more diverse sample of participants than experiments.
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Its letting things happen as they will vs. setting up carefully controlled conditions
Its letting things happen as they will vs. setting up carefully controlled conditions
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It refers to the extent to which the researcher limit the responses a subject may contribute to the data
It refers to the extent to which the researcher limit the responses a subject may contribute to the data
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It involves the description of an individual's immediate experience
It involves the description of an individual's immediate experience
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Its source of data is the personal experience and it is low in the manipulation of antecedent conditions.
Its source of data is the personal experience and it is low in the manipulation of antecedent conditions.
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He approached most ideas from the phenomenological perspective of his own experiences
He approached most ideas from the phenomenological perspective of his own experiences
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It cannot be used to understand the causes of behavior. It merely describes, but cannot explain, behavior.
It cannot be used to understand the causes of behavior. It merely describes, but cannot explain, behavior.
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It may lead us into areas of discovery that might otherwise go unnoticed.
It may lead us into areas of discovery that might otherwise go unnoticed.
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A good starting point/ a useful source of information that may lead us to formulate hypotheses but experimentation is still required.
A good starting point/ a useful source of information that may lead us to formulate hypotheses but experimentation is still required.
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It is seldom used as a research method on its own; elements of this are often combined with other research method.
It is seldom used as a research method on its own; elements of this are often combined with other research method.
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A frequent component of qualitative research
A frequent component of qualitative research
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A researcher compiles a descriptive study or a detailed account of a subjects experiences, observable behaviors, and archival records kept by an outside observer.
A researcher compiles a descriptive study or a detailed account of a subjects experiences, observable behaviors, and archival records kept by an outside observer.
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It is an in-depth study and analysis of an individual, group, community, or phenomenon
It is an in-depth study and analysis of an individual, group, community, or phenomenon
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A classic example of frontal brain damage affecting personality
A classic example of frontal brain damage affecting personality
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A case of language acquisition beyond critical period
A case of language acquisition beyond critical period
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What are the advantages of case studies?
What are the advantages of case studies?
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What are the limitations of the cade studies?
What are the limitations of the cade studies?
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This are recollections of past events that are collected in the present.
This are recollections of past events that are collected in the present.
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The risk of retrospective data is when information may be compromised by ,, and the _____ that are present when you are asked to recall an event.
The risk of retrospective data is when information may be compromised by ,, and the _____ that are present when you are asked to recall an event.
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Comparing a case against some hypothetical standard of "normal" behavior. Based on this comparison, we may suspect some form of psychopathology.
Comparing a case against some hypothetical standard of "normal" behavior. Based on this comparison, we may suspect some form of psychopathology.
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Cases of deviant and normal individuals are compared for significant differences. May have implications for the etiology, or origin, of the psychopathology in question
Cases of deviant and normal individuals are compared for significant differences. May have implications for the etiology, or origin, of the psychopathology in question
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It is a nonexperimental studies conducted in the field (real-life settings). The experimenter foes not manipulate antecedent conditions
It is a nonexperimental studies conducted in the field (real-life settings). The experimenter foes not manipulate antecedent conditions
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Field studies range from
Field studies range from
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It refers to the examines subjects spontaneous behavior in their actual environments and may obtain more representative behavior then experiments.
It refers to the examines subjects spontaneous behavior in their actual environments and may obtain more representative behavior then experiments.
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This method can achieve high levels of external validity
This method can achieve high levels of external validity
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It is when a subject alter their behavior when they know they are being observed.
It is when a subject alter their behavior when they know they are being observed.
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It is a study involves field observation in which the researcher is part of the studied group.
It is a study involves field observation in which the researcher is part of the studied group.
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This approach contrasts with naturalistic observation, where the researcher does not interact with research subjects to avoid reactivity.
This approach contrasts with naturalistic observation, where the researcher does not interact with research subjects to avoid reactivity.
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What are the ethical problems that complicate participant observer studies?
What are the ethical problems that complicate participant observer studies?
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It refers to the experiments conducted in real-life settings.
It refers to the experiments conducted in real-life settings.
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This study are nonexperimental designs used in real life settings and include naturalistic observations, unobtrusive measures, participant observer studies and surveys.
This study are nonexperimental designs used in real life settings and include naturalistic observations, unobtrusive measures, participant observer studies and surveys.
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It refers to the existing records that are reexamined for a few purpose
It refers to the existing records that are reexamined for a few purpose
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This data are collected by government and private agencies, hospitals, businesses, schools, institutions, etc.
This data are collected by government and private agencies, hospitals, businesses, schools, institutions, etc.
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Information about such things as crime and death rates, educational levels, salaries, housing patterns, and disease rates are accessible to researchers.
Information about such things as crime and death rates, educational levels, salaries, housing patterns, and disease rates are accessible to researchers.
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It obtains data consisting of words instead of numbers. This information is obtained through self reports, personal narratives, and expression of ideas, memories, feelings, and thoughts.
It obtains data consisting of words instead of numbers. This information is obtained through self reports, personal narratives, and expression of ideas, memories, feelings, and thoughts.
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The increased use of qualitative research may represent a ______- a change in attitudes, values, beliefs, methods, and procedures accepted during a specific time period.
The increased use of qualitative research may represent a ______- a change in attitudes, values, beliefs, methods, and procedures accepted during a specific time period.
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It is invaluable in studying contextual phenomena, behavior that can only be understood within its context
It is invaluable in studying contextual phenomena, behavior that can only be understood within its context
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Information sources that empirical phenomenology use might rely on an experimenter's private experiences or other experiential data: (1) the researcher's self reflection on relevant experiences (2) participants oral or written description of their experiences. (3) Accounts from literature, poetry, visual arts, television, theatre, and previous phenomenological research.
Information sources that empirical phenomenology use might rely on an experimenter's private experiences or other experiential data: (1) the researcher's self reflection on relevant experiences (2) participants oral or written description of their experiences. (3) Accounts from literature, poetry, visual arts, television, theatre, and previous phenomenological research.
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