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Questions and Answers
What is another term for independent variables in correlational research?
What is another term for independent variables in correlational research?
Which type of research focuses on studying the effects of a functional relationship by manipulating variables?
Which type of research focuses on studying the effects of a functional relationship by manipulating variables?
In experimental designs, what is the role of a control group?
In experimental designs, what is the role of a control group?
What do dependent variables represent in correlational research?
What do dependent variables represent in correlational research?
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Which type of research is best suited for determining causation between variables?
Which type of research is best suited for determining causation between variables?
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What is the primary purpose of manipulating variables in an experimental design?
What is the primary purpose of manipulating variables in an experimental design?
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What is the main purpose of descriptive research?
What is the main purpose of descriptive research?
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Which type of research involves using survey questionnaires for data collection?
Which type of research involves using survey questionnaires for data collection?
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In correlational research, what does it mean when two variables have a correlation of 1:2?
In correlational research, what does it mean when two variables have a correlation of 1:2?
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What is a key principle to remember in correlational research?
What is a key principle to remember in correlational research?
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Which type of research involves simple observation and subsequent quantification of data?
Which type of research involves simple observation and subsequent quantification of data?
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What is the primary difference between descriptive and correlational research?
What is the primary difference between descriptive and correlational research?
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In an experimental design, which group receives the changes, approaches, or treatments being studied?
In an experimental design, which group receives the changes, approaches, or treatments being studied?
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Which method involves acquiring information and insights from Internet usage for analysis in data research?
Which method involves acquiring information and insights from Internet usage for analysis in data research?
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What should instructional procedures ideally be subjected to before being accepted as effective teaching methods?
What should instructional procedures ideally be subjected to before being accepted as effective teaching methods?
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Which research design compares the effects of Project-Based Learning (PBL) to traditional lecture approach?
Which research design compares the effects of Project-Based Learning (PBL) to traditional lecture approach?
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What type of data gathering method involves the use of structured questionnaires to collect information on participant behaviors and attitudes?
What type of data gathering method involves the use of structured questionnaires to collect information on participant behaviors and attitudes?
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When trying to analyze the relationship between variables, which type of study provides evidence for teachers according to the text?
When trying to analyze the relationship between variables, which type of study provides evidence for teachers according to the text?
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Study Notes
Experimental Designs
- An experimental group is a group where changes, approaches, or treatments are given and measured in comparison to a control group.
- Example: The effect of project-based learning on student performance, where the experimental group is taught using project-based learning, and the control group is taught using traditional lecture approach.
Control Group
- A control group is the baseline group where changes, approaches, or treatments are not applied.
- It serves as a comparison to the experimental group.
Data Gathering Methods
- Survey: uses structured questionnaires to gather data and information on participant behaviors, attitudes, etc.
- Document Analysis: uses extant information sources to gather quantitative data for analysis and interpretation (e.g., student grades, anecdotal records, etc.).
- Data Mining: acquires information and insights from Internet usage to be used as data for analysis (e.g., Facebook page engagements, comments).
Research Methods
- Descriptive Research: easiest form of gaining knowledge and a first step towards subsequent scientific inquiry.
- Descriptive Observational Research: simple observation and the subsequent quantification and study of observed data (e.g., anecdotal records).
- Survey Research: uses a survey questionnaire administered through various modes to gather relevant data (e.g., election polls, class statistics).
Correlational Research
- A relationship exists between two variables when knowing the value of one variable allows you to estimate, to some degree, what the value would be of the other variable.
- Example: Two variables x and y; if y is 2, then x is 1; if y is 6, then x is 3. Thus, there is a correlation between x and y.
- Correlation does not imply causation; two things can be related, but they may not be the cause/effect of each other.
Variables in Correlational Research
- Independent variables are also called predictor variables, as their movement predicts the movement of the dependent variable/s.
- Dependent variables are also called criterion variables, as these variables are the criteria to which prediction is possible.
Experimental Designs
- Experimental designs study the effects of a functional relationship, which is demonstrated when active changes in one variable produce concomitant changes in another.
- Experimental designs manipulate variables in a study to study the extent of the relationship being studied.
- Researchers use a control group and an experimental group to study the effects of a treatment or approach.
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Description
Test your knowledge on experimental and control groups, their definitions, and differences with examples like the Effect of Project-Based Learning on Student Performance. Learn about how experiments are conducted and results are measured.
