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• NCLEX questions assess critical thinking and application of knowledge.

COPD and Dyspnea

• Assess oxygen saturation as the priority initial intervention to determine the severity of dyspnea and guide treatment.

Nasal Dryness and Oxygen Therapy

• Use a humidifier to add moisture to the air, alleviating nasal dryness.

Acute Asthma Exacerbation Medications

• Montelukast is a preventative medication and not for acute exacerbations.

Chest Physiotherapy for Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

• The primary goal is to mobilize mucus secretions because it helps loosen and remove mucus from the airways.

Long-term Oxygen Therapy Complication

• Oxygen toxicity can occur because long-term high oxygen concentrations can damage lung tissue.

Patient Improvement with Pneumonia Treatment

• Expect improvement after several days of antibiotic treatment and is due to varying antibiotic effectiveness.

Signs of Respiratory Distress

• Bradycardia is not a sign of respiratory distress (tachypnea, use of accessory muscles, and nasal flaring are).

Peak Flow Meter Purpose

• Peak flow meters indicate airway narrowing by measuring the speed of air exhaled to monitor airflow obstruction.

CPAP Side Effects

• Dry mouth and nose is a common side effect of CPAP.
• The air pressure from CPAP can dry mucous membranes.

Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) Teaching

• Coordinating actuation with inhalation ensures medication reaches the lungs effectively.

Tuberculosis Patient Teaching

• Completing the entire course of antibiotics prevents drug resistance and ensures eradication of the bacteria.

Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Assessment

• Respiratory rate and effort are crucial indicators of respiratory compromise.

Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia (HAP) Prevention

• Strict adherence to hand hygiene prevents HAP transmission because hand hygiene is the most effective measure.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Respiratory Exacerbation Treatment

• Antibiotic therapy is often required to treat bacterial infections.

Asthma Peak Flow Meter

• A low peak flow reading indicates decreased airflow and worsening asthma control showing worsening asthma symptoms.

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Risk Reduction

• Frequent oral care reduces bacterial load and risk of VAP.

Incentive Spirometry Purpose

• Incentive spirometry prevents lung collapse because it encourages deep breathing to prevent atelectasis.

Respiratory Assessment Findings

• Decreased breath sounds in one lung field suggests a potential collapse or obstruction requiring immediate attention.

Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Cause

• Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) Treatment

• Reducing pulmonary vascular resistance improves heart function and quality of life.

Lung Cancer Risk Factor

• Cigarette smoking is the leading cause.

Tracheostomy Nursing Intervention

• Maintaing a patent airway is the highest priority to maintain the tracheostomy tube.

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) Symptom

• Dyspnea or shortness of breath is the most common and debilitating symptom.

Severe Asthma Hallmark Sign

• Silent chest or absence of wheezing in a severe attack is ominous, and indicates complete airway obstruction.

Postural Drainage Purpose

• Positioning assists in gravity-aided mucus drainage to promote drainage of mucus secretions.

Acute Asthma Exacerbation Intervention

• Assess respiratory status because a complete assessment is paramount before initiating treatment.

Effective Oxygen Therapy Indicator

• Increased pulse oximetry reading is because pulse oximetry is the most direct measure of oxygenation.

Worsening Respiratory Infection in COPD

• Decreased oxygen saturation indicates worsening oxygenation and potential respiratory failure.

Pneumothorax Nursing Intervention

• A chest tube relieves pressure from the lung.

Lung Biopsy Complication

• Pneumothorax occurs due to accidental lung puncture during the procedure.

Nasal Fracture Assessment

• Periorbital ecchymosis (raccoon eyes) suggests possible orbital fracture, a serious complication.

Tuberculosis (TB) Prevention

• Airborne precautions prevent TB spread through airborne droplets.

Upper Airway Obstruction

• Establishing an airway and maintaining a patent airway is the immediate priority.

Common Type of Lung Cancer

• Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for the vast majority of lung cancers.

OSA and CPAP Teaching

• Consistent use of the machine every night is crucial for treatment efficacy.

Chest Tube Bubbling

• If bubbling suddenly stops, the chest tube is kinked because this would prevent air from escaping, halting bubbling.

COPD and Dyspnea Nursing Intervention

• Encourage pursed-lip breathing because high-flow oxygen can suppress the hypoxic drive in COPD patients, and it helps control breathing and improve oxygenation.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Respiratory Exacerbation Assessment

• Assessing breath sounds helps identify areas of decreased air entry, wheezes, or crackles, indicative of a respiratory exacerbation.

Acute Asthma Exacerbation Medication

• Morphine sulfate is contraindicated in acute asthma exacerbation.
• Albuterol, ipratropium, and methylprednisolone treats this condition rather than morphine sulfate.

Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Intervention

• Administer oxygen and continue to monitor for potential heart strain and calf pain.

Oxygen Delivery System

• Venturi masks deliver a precise FiO2 by mixing oxygen with room air through a calibrated valve.

COPD Oxygen Therapy

• All parameters are crucial in monitoring a COPD patient on oxygen therapy and can indicate respiratory distress or complications.

Inhaled Corticosteroids Side Effect

• Oral thrush becausethey can cause candidiasis (oral thrush) due to their local effects.

Post-Operative Laryngectomy Care

• All statements are true; careful suctioning, the patient will need speech therapy and require nutritional support.

Tracheostomy Nursing Intervention

• Suction removes secretions, and encouraging coughing helps to mobilize them.

Pneumonia Signs and Symptoms

• Bradycardia is NOT a typical sign/symptom.

Chronic Respiratory Problem Cause

• Smoking is the leading cause of respiratory problems, including COPD, lung cancer, and emphysema.

Respiratory Infection Prevention

• Handwashing, wearing a mask and vaccinations are effective.

Asthma Management Education

• Identifying triggers, using a peak flow meter and proper inhaler technique are crucial for effective asthma management.

Pneumothorax Signs

• Decreased breath sounds on one side, increased respiratory rate and chest pain.

Sudden Unilateral Weakness

• Ischemic stroke because these are classic signs of an ischemic stroke (CVA)

Difficulty Swallowing

• Assist the patient with meals and provide thickened liquids because thickened liquids prevent aspiration, a common risk with dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Symptom

• Shortness of breath is not a common primary symptom.

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) Risk

• Ischemic stroke because TIA is a transient ischemic attack, a mini-stroke, increasing the risk of a full ischemic stroke.

Patient Experiencing Seizure: Nursing intervention

• Protect the patient from injury during a seizure.
• Restraining is not recommended, and placing anything in the mouth is dangerous.

Migraine Sign

• Sudden loss of consciousness is not a typical symptom.

Migraine Medication

• Triptans, NSAIDs and anti-emetics are all commonly used.

Asthma and Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI)

• All steps in MDI use optimize medication delivery and minimize side effects.

COPD Management

• Smoking cessation is paramount because this is the primary cause.

Suspected Pneumonia

• All assessments are crucial to evaluate the severity and progression.

New Tuberculosis (TB) Diagnosis

• Importance of completing the entire course of antibiotics. This prevents drug resistance and relapse.

New Tracheostomy Risk

• Infection, bleeding and airway obstruction are all potential complications following tracheostomy placement.

Patient receiving Oxygen Therapy Assessment

• Respiratory rate and depth, oxygen saturation, and skin color are all essential assessments.

Patient with COPD

• All interventions help to clear the airways and improve breathing

Anticholinergic Bronchodilators Side Effect

• Dry mouth happens as a result of anticholinergics blocking acetylcholine, leading to reduced secretions, including saliva.

Asthma exacerbation

• Short-acting beta-agonists provide rapid bronchodilation in acute exacerbations.

Tuberculosis (TB) Diagnosis

• A sputum culture is the definitive diagnostic test for TB, identifying the bacteria.

Respiratory Distress in a Child

• All signs indicate difficulty breathing.

Long-Term Oxygen Therapy in COPD

• All are potential complications.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) and Nutrition

• Pancreatic insufficiency (CF affects the pancreas, leading to insufficient enzyme production, impacting nutrient absorption).