Exercise Physiology Class Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary focus of exercise physiology?

  • Understanding psychological effects of exercise
  • Developing exercise equipment
  • Analyzing nutritional requirements of athletes
  • Measuring human energy expenditure (correct)

Which of the following best describes homeostasis?

  • The body's increase in energy expenditure during exercise
  • The body's adaptation to extreme temperatures
  • The maintenance of internal stability despite external changes (correct)
  • The gradual improvement of physical fitness levels

What is the purpose of ergometry in exercise physiology?

  • To measure time taken to complete various exercises
  • To evaluate cardiovascular stress during inactivity
  • To assess power output and total work performed (correct)
  • To analyze muscle recovery post-exercise

How can exercise affect the body's homeostasis?

<p>It enhances the body's ability to maintain stability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between homeostasis and steady state?

<p>Homeostasis is maintained at rest, steady state occurs during exercise. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total percentage of the course evaluation based on lab work?

<p>50% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for full marks in the formal lab report?

<p>Equal partner participation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When must extension requests be submitted for weekend due dates?

<p>By 4PM on the preceding Friday (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How will late or missed assessments be treated according to the class policies?

<p>They will not be accepted (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized in the interactive classes of this course?

<p>Exploration through collaborative learning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage is allocated to the midterm test in the overall evaluation plan?

<p>25% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must all ISP accommodations be provided to the professor by?

<p>January 17th (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about in-class assessments is correct?

<p>You must be present in class to submit them (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary definition of muscular strength?

<p>The maximal force that can be generated by a muscle in a single contraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence the ability of a muscle to generate force?

<p>Training duration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) test primarily evaluate?

<p>Maximum weight lifted in one complete repetition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is muscular strength related to muscular endurance?

<p>Increased muscular strength results in improved muscular endurance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a genetic limitation of strength potential?

<p>The maximum force generation a muscle can achieve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performing a warm-up at 40-60% of 1-RM?

<p>To estimate maximum strength more accurately (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an individual performs 8 repetitions at 100 lbs, what percentage of their 1-RM are they lifting?

<p>80% 1-RM (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the individual can perform more than 10 repetitions at the initial weight?

<p>Increase the weight and repeat the exercise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step after determining the weight lifted and the percentage of 1-RM?

<p>Calculate the 1-RM using the weight divided by the percentage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a 6-10 RM test, what should the individual do after performing a set at 60-80% of estimated 1-RM?

<p>Rest for 3-5 minutes before adjusting weight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the 1-RM calculated after determining that the individual performed 8 repetitions?

<p>By dividing the weight lifted by 0.8 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a performance of 10 repetitions at 90 lbs indicate about the individual's strength?

<p>They are at approximately 75% of their 1-RM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to calculate the 1-RM using a chart after performing repetitions?

<p>To identify the individual's maximum lifting capacity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinguishing factor of muscular endurance?

<p>Ability to perform repeated contractions against a submaximal load (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which exercise would best evaluate muscular endurance?

<p>Isometric plank test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can muscular endurance be improved?

<p>Increasing the number of repetitions with moderate loads (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of muscles with low endurance capacity?

<p>They fatigue rapidly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to muscular power according to the definition provided?

<p>The combination of strength and speed of movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fiber type is considered best for power athletes?

<p>Type IIX (Fast Glycolytic) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a relative load endurance test, how is the weight determined?

<p>It is based on the individual's maximum lift potential. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a dynamic endurance test?

<p>Lifting a set weight at a set cadence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to muscular power after reaching its maximum point?

<p>It decreases due to reduced force at higher speeds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a cycling exercise, what is the effect of gearing down too much?

<p>Speed increases without much resistance leading to decreased power. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is aerobic power primarily a measure of?

<p>Energy production with oxygen consumption. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is power calculated in terms of work and time?

<p>Power = Work ÷ Time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an ergometer used for?

<p>To measure work output. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the example of a bench step ergometer calculation, what is the primary force applied?

<p>The subject's body weight. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physiological condition does homeostasis refer to?

<p>Maintenance of a constant internal environment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of insulin in the body?

<p>To promote cellular uptake of glucose. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is work defined in physical terms?

<p>Work = Force x Distance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a maximum VO2 test measure?

<p>Aerobic capacity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a steady state in physiology?

<p>It shows balance between physiological demands and body response. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a cycle ergometer test, how is work determined?

<p>Through the calculation of force and distance covered. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to power as the speed of movement increases beyond a muscle's peak power output?

<p>Power decreases due to lower force production. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes anaerobic power?

<p>Involves the body’s ability to generate ATP without oxygen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Lab Work

An in-class activity involving practical application of course material.

Interactive Classes

Requires active participation and collaboration among students.

Course Evaluation Plan

The evaluation plan for FTHP 212 outlining all the assessments and their respective weights.

Formal Lab Report

A formal report based on one of the five labs in the course.

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Extension Requests

Requests for extensions must be submitted at least 48 hours before the due date. This applies to weekend due dates as well.

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Late/Missed Assessment Policy

Late or missed assessments will not be accepted in FTHP 212. No make-ups or supplementary work will be provided.

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In-Class Assessments

Students must be physically present in class to submit associated in-class assessments.

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ISP Accommodations

Individualized Studies Plans (ISPs) need to be communicated to the professor by January 17th. Specific requests for accommodations require at least one week's advance notice.

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Exercise Physiology

The study of how the body's systems respond to and adapt to physical activity. It explores physiological changes during exercise and the impact of training on the body.

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Homeostasis

A state of equilibrium in the body's internal environment, maintained by various regulatory mechanisms.

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Steady State

A steady and unchanging state of a particular variable during exercise, although not necessarily at resting levels.

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Ergometry

The use of specialized equipment to measure the body's response to exercise, such as treadmills, stationary bikes, or arm ergometers.

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Energy Expenditure

The total amount of energy expended by the body, measured in calories or joules.

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Muscular Strength

The maximum force a muscle or muscle group can generate in a single contraction.

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Muscular Endurance

The ability of a muscle to repeatedly generate force over time.

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1-Repetition Maximum (1-RM)

The maximum weight that can be lifted in one complete repetition with proper technique.

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Isotonic 1-RM Test

A test that measures the maximum force a muscle can generate during a single contraction.

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Eccentric 1-RM Test

A test that measures the maximum force a muscle can generate during a controlled lengthening contraction.

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6-10 RM Test

A strength assessment involving multiple repetitions (6-10) of a weightlifting exercise to estimate your 1-Rep Max (1RM).

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1-Rep Max (1RM)

The maximum weight you can lift in a single repetition.

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Estimating 1RM

A method to assess your strength potential by measuring your ability to lift weights for a specific number of repetitions (6-10).

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Warm-up for 6-10 RM Test

Prepping your body before the 6-10 RM test with lighter weights for 5-10 repetitions to warm up your muscles. This prepares your body for the upcoming heavier lifts.

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Percentage 1-RM

The percentage of your 1RM that corresponds to a specific number of completed repetitions. This helps you understand how your strength varies based on the number of repetitions.

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Calculating 1RM from 6-10 RM Test

Calculating your estimated 1-RM based on the weight lifted and the number of repetitions completed during the 6-10 RM test, using a chart or formula for specific rep ranges.

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Bench Press 6-10 RM Test

A common example of a 6-10 RM test focusing on upper body strength, used to estimate an individual’s 1RM for the bench press exercise.

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Progressive 6-10 RM Testing

The process of finding your 1-RM through a series of increasingly challenging weightlifting sets, adjusting the weight based on your ability to complete a specific number of repetitions (6-10).

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Muscular Power

The product of strength and speed in a movement. The faster you can move a weight, the more power you produce.

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What is muscular endurance?

The body's ability to remain contracted or contract repeatedly against a submaximal load.

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What does it mean when a muscle fatigues rapidly?

A muscle that fatigues quickly has a low endurance capacity.

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What type of muscle fiber is best for power athletes?

Type IIx (FG) fibers are best for power athletes because they contract quickly and generate a lot of force.

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How can muscular endurance be improved?

Using a moderate load and increasing the number of repetitions can improve muscular endurance.

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What does research show about women's performance in endurance tests?

Women often outperform men in endurance tests, especially at lower workloads.

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What are some ways to evaluate muscular endurance?

Repeated contractions, sustained contractions, dynamic endurance tests, and relative load endurance tests are all ways to evaluate muscular endurance.

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Anaerobic Power

The ability of the body to produce ATP (energy) without oxygen.

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Aerobic Power

The maximum amount of oxygen a person can use during exercise, reflecting cardiovascular fitness.

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Work

The amount of work performed, calculated as force multiplied by distance.

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Power

The rate at which work is performed, calculated as work divided by time.

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Thermal Regulation

The body's ability to regulate its temperature, involving responses like skin blood vessel dilation/constriction and sweating.

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Blood Glucose Regulation

The process of maintaining blood glucose levels, involving the hormone insulin. Elevated blood glucose signals the pancreas to release insulin, causing cells to take up glucose.

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Vertical Displacement

The vertical displacement during treadmill exercise, calculated as the percentage grade multiplied by the distance traveled.

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Study Notes

Welcome to Exercise Physiology (FTHP 212)

  • Course is FTHP 212
  • Weekly lectures will include in-class work and discussions (lecture and practically-based)
  • There are 5 lab assignments; one will be a formal lab report
  • Equal partner participation required for full marks in labs

Course Expectations

  • Labs: 5 labs in total, 1 as a formal report, equal partner participation required
  • Lectures: Weekly lectures, in-class work and discussions, both lecture and practical-based

Interactive Classes

  • Focuses on the development of thoughts and experiences through movement, not just the science of exercise
  • Uses a variety of learning styles
  • Emphasizes the practical application of the content
  • Collaborative learning environment expected

Evaluation Plan

  • Labs: 50% (4 x 7.5% + 1 x 20%)
  • Midterm Test: 25%
  • Final Test: 25%

Course Outline

  • Extension requests must be received 48 hours before the due date (or 4PM Friday before weekend due dates)
  • Late/missed assessments are not accepted (grade of 0%)

Week 1 - Introduction to Exercise Physiology

  • Discuss the scope of exercise physiology as a branch of physiology
  • Define key terms
  • Describe ergometry and the two ways to measure human energy expenditure
  • Calculate total work and power output during various forms of exercise
  • Compare and contrast homeostasis and steady state
  • Introduce biological homeostasis control with examples

Defining Muscular Performance: Strength

  • Maximal force produced in a single muscle contraction (1-RM or 1-Repetition Maximum)
  • Directly associated with muscular endurance
  • Corresponding increase in endurance with increased strength

Evaluating Strength: Predicting 1-RM

  • 2-5 RM test, 6-10 RM tests can predict 1-RM
  • Procedure is similar but calculations may differ

Defining Muscular Performance: Muscular Endurance

  • Body's ability to remain contracted or contract repeatedly against a submaximal load
  • Improved by using a moderate load and increasing repetitions
  • Muscle fatiguing rapidly = low endurance capacity

Defining Muscular Performance: Muscular Power

  • Product of strength and speed of movement
  • Higher movement speed = higher power output
  • Power = Force x Velocity (distance/time)
  • Power athletes benefit from type IIA (FO) or type IIX (FG) muscle fibers.

Power: Inverted ‘U' Relationship

  • Power initially increases with increasing force and speed of movement, then decreases with faster speeds due to reduced force.
  • There is an optimal speed for maximal power output.

Aerobic and Anaerobic Power

  • Aerobic Power: Oxygen consumption, measuring cardiovascular fitness (maximal aerobic power), Max VO2 test
  • Anaerobic Power: Body's ability to produce ATP without oxygen, Wingate bike test

Work and Power Defined

  • Work = Force x Distance (measured in Joules (J) or Newton-meters (N.m))
  • Power = Work/Time (measured in Watts (W))

Ergometry

  • Measurement of Work Output
  • Devices used to measure work (e.g., bench step, cycle, arm ergometers, treadmills)
  • Examples Provided for specific Ergometer calculation in one case study

Homeostasis and Steady State

  • Homeostasis: Maintaining constant internal environment (e.g., temperature)
  • Steady State: Physiological variable is unchanging but not necessarily "normal"

Biological Homeostatic Control

  • Regulation of body temperature (thermal receptors, skin blood vessels, sweat glands)
  • Regulation of blood glucose (hormone insulin, pancreas signaling)

Coming Up

  • Next week: Adaptations and principles of resistance training
  • Upcoming assessments
  • Lab #1 in Week 4

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