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Questions and Answers
Which of the following accurately describes the structure of the kidney?
Which of the following accurately describes the structure of the kidney?
- Each kidney has a central region known as the renal capsule.
- Kidneys measure approximately 15-20 cm in length on average.
- Kidneys are bean-shaped and located in the upper abdominal cavity.
- The kidneyd is comprised of an outer cortex and an inner medulla. (correct)
What is the primary function of the hilum in the kidney?
What is the primary function of the hilum in the kidney?
- To filter waste products from the blood.
- To serve as the entry point for ureters, blood vessels, and nerves. (correct)
- To support the kidney's weight and shape.
- To store urine before excretion.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the renal pelvis?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the renal pelvis?
- It is funnel-shaped.
- It serves as the outer layer of the kidney. (correct)
- It is located centrally within the kidney.
- It has projections called calyces.
What is the average weight range of an adult human kidney?
What is the average weight range of an adult human kidney?
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Which statements correctly describe the anatomical organization of the kidney?
Which statements correctly describe the anatomical organization of the kidney?
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Which of the following best describes the location of the kidneys?
Which of the following best describes the location of the kidneys?
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Study Notes
Excretory System Overview
- Comprises kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
- Essential for waste elimination and fluid balance in the body.
Kidneys Structure and Function
- Reddish brown, bean-shaped organs located between the last thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae.
- Positioned close to the dorsal side of the abdominal cavity.
- Average dimensions: 10-12 cm in length, 5-7 cm in width, 2-3 cm in thickness.
- Average weight of a kidney ranges from 120-170 g.
- Contains a notch called the hilum, allowing entry for ureters, blood vessels, and nerves.
- Renal pelvis is a broad funnel-shaped space located just inside the hilum, with calyces that project into the pelvis.
- Outer structure protected by a tough capsule.
- Internal anatomy consists of two main zones: outer cortex and inner medulla.
- The medulla contains conical structures known as medullary pyramids, which project into the calyces of the renal pelvis.
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