Exchange Rates and International Trade
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Questions and Answers

What is the likely effect on the Mexican peso if there are improvements in production technology leading to increased guitar sales?

  • The peso will depreciate due to higher exports
  • The peso will depreciate because of oversupply
  • The peso will appreciate due to increased demand (correct)
  • The peso will remain stable with no significant changes
  • If perceptions of political instability decrease demand for pesos, what will happen to the peso?

  • It will stabilize to a neutral value
  • It will appreciate in value
  • It will depreciate in value (correct)
  • It will increase in supply without price change
  • What was the figure for the exchange rate of the Japanese yen to the U.S dollar on a Wednesday?

  • $0.014 (correct)
  • $0.013
  • $0.011
  • $0.012
  • If the dollar depreciated at an exchange rate of $0.011 on Thursday compared to $0.014 on Wednesday, what does this indicate?

    <p>The dollar got weaker (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much does each Louisville Slugger baseball bat cost?

    <p>$49 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the exchange rate from dollars to British pounds if $1.43 equals £1.00?

    <p>0.70 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In order to purchase 12,000 baseball bats at $49 each, what is the total amount in dollars needed?

    <p>$588,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When converting $588,000 to pounds at an exchange rate of $1.43 per pound, how many pounds are needed?

    <p>£411,189 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason that a perception of political instability can lead to depreciation of the peso?

    <p>International investors pulling out their financial capital (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of financial capital being pulled out of Mexico in response to political instability?

    <p>Increased supply of pesos in the market (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary end-goal of economic activity?

    <p>Consumption of goods and services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the concept of comparative advantage?

    <p>One country can produce goods more efficiently than another country. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason for opposition to international trade?

    <p>Dislike of competition and its implications. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept refers to a country being able to produce a good with fewer resources than another country?

    <p>Absolute advantage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Adam Smith suggest regarding the importance of defense versus luxury?

    <p>Defense is more important than opulence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be concluded about the essence of competition according to the provided content?

    <p>Competition fosters innovation and improvement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When considering consumption, which of the following goals is NOT mentioned?

    <p>Consume more at a lower price (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does increased demand for the dollar relate to international trade?

    <p>It can affect the supply of other currencies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is competition viewed as positive in economic activities?

    <p>It leads to the emergence of better ideas and products. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an implication of higher consumption due to price reductions?

    <p>More resources can be allocated to other needs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Peso Appreciation

    An increase in the value of the Mexican peso relative to other currencies, meaning more of another currency is needed to buy one peso.

    Peso Depreciation

    A decrease in the value of the Mexican peso relative to other currencies, meaning less of another currency is needed to buy one peso.

    Dollar Appreciation (vs. Yen)

    A decrease in the value of the yen relative to the U.S. dollar, requiring fewer dollars to purchase one yen; it takes less of the dollar to purchase a yen.

    Exchange Rate

    The rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another.

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    Comparative Advantage

    The ability of an economy to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than other economies.

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    Currency Appreciation

    An increase in the value of a currency in relation to other currencies.

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    Currency Depreciation

    A decrease in the value of a currency in relation to other currencies.

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    Exchange Rate Impact (Production Technology)

    Improvements in a country's production technology typically increase demand for its currency, causing it to strengthen.

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    Exchange Rate Impact (Political Instability)

    Perceptions of political instability can decrease demand for a country's currency, leading to depreciation.

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    Pound cost for bats

    £411,189 is required to purchase 12,000 baseball bats at $49 each, given an exchange rate of $1.43 per £1.

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    Increased demand for $

    A greater desire for the US Dollar, potentially due to increased trade or investment.

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    Increased supply of Pounds

    More British Pounds available in the market.

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    Opposition to trade

    Disliking competition in trade, seen as self-interest, but not necessarily bad.

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    Competition's effect on products

    Competition leads to improved goods, services, and ideas.

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    Military self-sufficiency

    Prioritizing a nation's ability to defend itself without outside help.

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    Consumption's purpose

    The ultimate goal of economic activity; achieving better and safer consumption of goods and services.

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    Costa Rica's comparative advantage

    Costa Rica excels at producing Bananas compared to other countries; a key concept in international trade.

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    Absolute Advantage

    A country uses fewer resources than another to produce the same product.

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    Consumption - improving goods

    Consumption with the aim of improving health, education, and wellbeing.

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    Study Notes

    Exchange Rates and International Trade

    • Exchange rates between the Japanese yen and the US dollar shifted from $0.014 to $0.011, indicating an appreciation of the dollar against the yen.
    • Improvements in Mexican production technology, resulting in superior guitars, increased demand for pesos, causing the peso to appreciate.
    • Political instability concerns surrounding Mexican elections decreased demand for pesos, leading to depreciation. Investors unloading pesos increased the supply, further contributing to the depreciation.
    • The cost of a baseball bat is $49. The exchange rate is $1.43 = £1.00. To purchase 12,000 bats, the London government needs £411,189. The calculation assumes the local government wants the bats. The local government's needs are defined in the local currency.
    • A higher demand for a currency will cause that currency to appreciate. A higher supply of a currency will cause that currency to depreciate.
    • The end goal of economic activity is consumption. This is not considered greedy. The goal is to consume better goods and services such as education, and health.

    Comparative Advantage

    • Countries have varying levels of production capability. This can be compared in terms of production outcomes.
    • One country may have a comparative advantage over another in producing a specific good or service because of lower opportunity costs or efficiency.
    • International trade occurs when countries exchange goods or services based on comparative advantage. Determining which country, in relation to another, has the best outcome.
    • Examples include Costa Rica in bananas, and the U.S. in corn, these are examples where the countries have comparative advantages.
    • A country can have an absolute advantage if it can produce a product using fewer resources than other countries. This is distinct yet conceptually related to the concept of comparative advantage.

    International Trade - Comments

    • Free trade proponents dislike competition, this does not mean it's unethical or immoral, but often self-interest.
    • Competition leads to better products, ideas, and service developments.
    • The topic of national defense and self-sufficiency remains relevant as well, making economic policy a complicated area.

    More from Adam Smith

    • "Individual ambition serves the common good."
    • "Every man lives by exchanging."
    • "Man is an animal that makes bargains; no other animal does this—no dog exchanges bones with another."

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    Related Documents

    INTL TRADE- 3 PDF Lecture Notes

    Description

    Explore the dynamics of exchange rates and their impact on international trade in this quiz. Learn how currency appreciation and depreciation can affect economies, with real-world examples involving the US dollar, Japanese yen, and Mexican peso. Test your knowledge on the factors influencing currency values and trade transactions.

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