Examen Final PATO - Síndromes y Coagulación

Examen Final PATO - Notes

• Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos (SED): Characterized by autosomal dominant transmission in most cases.
• Autosomal Recessive Transmission: Anemia of sickle cells (drepanocytic anemia) displays this pattern.
• Necrosis Fibrinoide of Blood Vessel Walls: Associated with immunoglobulins and complement deposition.
• Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC): Involves systemic thrombin activation.
• Atherosclerotic Plaque Localization: Most frequently found in the abdominal aorta.
• Necrosis Fibrinoide: A significant manifestation of Type III hypersensitivity.
• Granuloma in Granulation Tissue: Characterized by a band of fibrinoid necrosis around a granuloma.
• DiGeorge Syndrome: A thymus development disorder.
• Saddle Emboli: Often preceded by deep vein thrombosis.
• Thyroid Autoimmunity: Characterized by lymphocytes in all stages of maturation, including Hurthle cells.
• Antigen-Presenting Cells: Lymphocytes B are prominent in germinal centers of lymph nodes and spleen.
• Tissue Factor: Synthesized by vascular endothelium in hemostasis.
• Anergy: A prolonged, irreversible functional inactivation of dendritic cells.
• Mast Cell Mediators: Include phospholipase A-2, platelet-activating factor (PAF), prostaglandins, and histamine.
• Marfan Syndrome Characteristics: Not caused by a collagen coding alteration.
• Hyperacute Rejection: Mediated by pre-existing antibodies against donor antigens.
• Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A sex-linked recessive disorder.
• Amyloid Detection: Congo red staining for birefringence under polarized light is definitive.
• Generalized Edema Causes, Except: Lymphatic obstruction.
• Psoriasis Mechanism: Type IV hypersensitivity..
• Turner Syndrome (45,X): Diagnosed through karyotyping.
• Large Subcutaneous Hematoma: Called an ecchymosis.
• Blood Vessel Wall Necrosis: A characteristic of type III hypersensitivity.
• Autoantibody Targets in Pernicious Anemia: Parietal cells of the stomach.
• Type III Hypersensitivity: Characterized by immune complex deposition.
• Type I Hypersensitivity: Characterized by an immediate response.
• Antinuclear Antibodies (ANAs): Not specific to anti-phospholipids.
• Goodpasture's Syndrome Pathogenesis: Not a type III hypersensitivity manifestation.
• Peri-Orbital Edema: Suggests renal involvement.
• Amyloidosis: Characteristic of plasma cell neoplasms in multiple myeloma.
• Vascular Congestion with Hemosiderin-laden Macrophages: A sign of vascular congestion.
• Primary Lymphoid Organs: Bone marrow and thymus.
• Thrombosis Predisposition: Stasis is a major factor.

Este examen final abarca conceptos claves sobre síndromes médicos y mecanismos de coagulación. Se exploran temas como el Síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos, la transmisión autosómica recesiva y la coagulación intravascular diseminada. Además, se discuten condiciones como la necrosis fibrinoide y la autoinmunidad tiroidea.