Liver Failure
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a symptom of Cushing's syndrome?

  • Pain or tenderness and swelling
  • Stupor and coma (correct)
  • Muscle weakness
  • Memory impairment

Which syndrome is associated with small-cell lung cancer?

  • Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (correct)
  • Limbic encephalitis
  • Motor neuropathy
  • Polymyositis

What is the most common symptom of venous thromboembolism (VTE)?

  • Confusion
  • Increased warmth
  • Breathlessness (correct)
  • Pain or tenderness

What is the recommended treatment for VTE?

<p>Low molecular weight (LMW) heparin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with lung cancer?

<p>Dermatomyositis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people with cancer are thought to be affected by paraneoplastic syndromes?

<p>Less than 1% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following skin disorders may require treatment by a specialist dermatologist to manage symptoms?

<p>Dermatomyositis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for paraneoplastic pemphigus?

<p>Ciclosporin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contributing factor to weakness in individuals approaching death?

<p>Cachexia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of cachexia?

<p>A state of involuntary weight loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of weakness in individuals approaching death?

<p>Age-related loss of muscle mass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drug therapies may be effective in managing weakness in individuals approaching death?

<p>Steroids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hypercalcaemia of malignant disease?

<p>Increased urinary output (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cause of anaemia in patients with advanced or chronic disease?

<p>Chronic renal failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a treatment option for cachexia?

<p>Favourite foods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a poor prognostic sign in patients with dementia?

<p>Declining oral intake leading to significant weight loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for improving nutrition in palliative care?

<p>Maintaining comfort and providing weight gain throughout the terminal phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended initial hydration method for a patient with renal failure?

<p>Intravenous rehydration with normal saline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is NOT recommended for pain management in patients with renal failure?

<p>Morphine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can creatinine clearance be calculated using the Cockcroft and Gault equation?

<p>CrCl (mLs/min) = (140-age) x ideal body weight (kg) / (plasma creatinine (umol/L) x 0.8) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common deprescribing anti-hypertensive medication mentioned in the text?

<p>ACE inhibitors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for deprescribing medications?

<p>Deprescribe one or two medications at a time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is NOT recommended to be deprescribed in patients with heart failure?

<p>Beta-blockers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for managing haemorrhage in palliative care?

<p>Treat with urgency and consider appropriate interventions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is NOT recommended for oral bleeding in palliative care?

<p>Midazolam (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in palliative care?

<p>Discontinue NSAIDs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a measure of how well the liver can clear drugs?

<p>INR levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is deprescribing in palliative care?

<p>The process of ceasing inappropriate medications safely and effectively (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the enablers for deprescribing?

<p>Inconvenience of medication taking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when deprescribing a medication?

<p>Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of other medications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is NOT recommended to be deprescribed in patients with heart failure?

<p>Beta-blockers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for deprescribing medications?

<p>Deprescribe one or two medications at a time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hypercalcaemia of malignant disease?

<p>Bone pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for managing haemorrhage in palliative care?

<p>Use red towels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with lung cancer?

<p>Paraneoplastic pemphigus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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