Questions and Answers
What is the implication of a changing hypothesis regarding protists?
It is acceptable because data are still being collected.
What are phylogenetic trees also called?
cladograms
According to the phylogenetic tree, which primates share the most recent common ancestor with humans?
bonobos and chimpanzees
To which modern animal is Dr. Digger's creature most closely related based on its description?
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What best describes traditional classification?
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Which group of organisms has the derived characteristics of true tissues, bilateral symmetry, and a pseudocoelom?
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What additional information will be most helpful to Julia to properly build her phylogenetic tree?
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What can a scientist discover using molecular clocks related to clownfish?
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Which species is most closely related to the original moth species based on genetic differences?
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Why was modern classification invented?
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Study Notes
Protists and Their Classification
- Protists are eukaryotic organisms, distinct from plants, animals, and fungi.
- They exhibit high diversity and ongoing changes in classification hypotheses.
- Changing hypotheses indicate that data collection is ongoing and classifications may evolve.
Phylogenetic Trees
- Phylogenetic trees, also known as cladograms, depict evolutionary relationships among species.
Primates and Common Ancestors
- Bonobos and chimpanzees share the most recent common ancestor with humans, according to phylogenetic analysis.
Fossil Analysis
- A discovered fossil with a fused backbone and flippers is most closely related to modern sea turtles based on anatomical similarities.
Traditional Classification
- Traditional classification systems rely on shared characteristics among organisms.
Derived Characteristics in Organisms
- Roundworms possess derived characteristics including true tissues, bilateral symmetry, and a pseudocoelom.
Phylogenetic Tree Building
- The duckbilled platypus, along with bears and monkeys, are categorized as mammals; the platypus's egg-laying trait is crucial for accurate phylogenetic tree placement.
Molecular Clocks
- Molecular clocks can be used to estimate the evolutionary time since two species, such as a newly discovered organism and clownfish, have diverged.
Genetic Relationship Analysis
- In genetic studies, species B, with the fewest genetic differences (3), is the most closely related to the original moth species among the examined groups.
Modern Classification Purpose
- Modern classification arose from the understanding that all species share a common ancestor, highlighting evolutionary connections.
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Description
Explore the intriguing world of protists in this quiz on evolutionary relationships. Understand their classification as eukaryotes and the implications of changing hypotheses in their cladogram. Test your knowledge about the diversity and classification challenges of these unique organisms.
