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Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism driving the evolution of species over time?
What is the primary mechanism driving the evolution of species over time?
What is the term for the process by which a population or species changes over time?
What is the term for the process by which a population or species changes over time?
What is the term for different versions of a gene that are responsible for different traits?
What is the term for different versions of a gene that are responsible for different traits?
What is the result of sexual reproduction between two organisms that cannot produce fertile offspring?
What is the result of sexual reproduction between two organisms that cannot produce fertile offspring?
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What is the term for the expression of both alleles of a gene, resulting in a combination of the two traits?
What is the term for the expression of both alleles of a gene, resulting in a combination of the two traits?
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What is the primary mechanism by which differential reproduction influences the gene pool?
What is the primary mechanism by which differential reproduction influences the gene pool?
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What is the primary result of mutation in a population?
What is the primary result of mutation in a population?
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What is the requirement for two organisms to be classified as the same species?
What is the requirement for two organisms to be classified as the same species?
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What is the primary driver of adaptation in a population?
What is the primary driver of adaptation in a population?
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What is the result of shrinking a population?
What is the result of shrinking a population?
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What is a key factor in the movement of individuals into the gene pool?
What is a key factor in the movement of individuals into the gene pool?
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What is the process by which a species divides into multiple species over time?
What is the process by which a species divides into multiple species over time?
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What is the primary reason why all animals overproduce?
What is the primary reason why all animals overproduce?
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What is the result of intraspecific competition?
What is the result of intraspecific competition?
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What is the primary advantage of sexual reproduction?
What is the primary advantage of sexual reproduction?
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What occurs during DNA replication?
What occurs during DNA replication?
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What is the result of inherited variation?
What is the result of inherited variation?
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What is the purpose of natural selection?
What is the purpose of natural selection?
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Study Notes
Theory of Evolution
- The theory of evolution states that all organisms evolve over time through natural selection.
Evolution
- Evolution occurs when a population or species changes over time, involving changes in the gene pool.
- A population is not evolving if its gene pool remains unchanged.
Species
- A species is a group of organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring.
- When a species grows apart, it can eventually become unable to produce fertile offspring due to speciation events.
- Hybrids are offspring produced by organisms that can reproduce but are infertile.
Alleles and Characteristics
- Alleles are different versions of genes that determine an individual's features and traits.
- Dominant alleles can override recessive alleles in determining characteristics.
- Polygenic alleles display one trait, while codominant alleles can express both traits.
- For example, a dominant brown eye allele can override a recessive blue eye allele, while a codominant red rose allele and white rose allele can produce a pink rose.
Mutation
- Mutation is a random change in genes during DNA replication.
- Mutation can introduce new traits and increase variation in a population by altering genes and alleles.
Differential Reproduction
- Differential reproduction is the process of evolution where certain groups in a population have more offspring than others.
- This can occur due to advantageous traits that increase an individual's likelihood of survival.
Evolution Processes
- There are five main ways populations can change:
- Shrinking of population, which reduces genetic variation
- Mutation, which introduces new alleles
- Mating, which can favor certain groups over others
- Gene flow, which brings in new genetic material
- Adaptation and natural selection, which favor certain alleles over others
Speciation and Reproductive Isolation
- Speciation is the process of a species dividing into multiple species over time.
- Reproductive isolation occurs when a species is unable to interbreed with other species.
Overproduction and Competition
- Overproduction occurs when more individuals are conceived than the environment can sustain.
- Competition is the consequence of overproduction, where groups must compete for resources.
- Advantageous traits are more likely to be passed down due to competition.
Inherited Variation
- Inherited variation occurs due to sexual reproduction, where alleles are randomly passed down from parents to offspring.
- This leads to genetic variation across individuals in a species.
- Sexual reproduction allows for mutation, which increases variation in a population.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the evolution theory, natural selection, and species concepts as described by Charles Darwin. Learn about population evolution, gene pool changes, and hybrid offsprings.
