Evolution of Physical Inactivity

<p>By suggesting that those who were more physically active were more likely to survive and reproduce. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presenting a compelling argument for the benefits of physical activity based on evolutionary principles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>65% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>176 lbs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Current guidelines require 44% of the Stone Age hunter/gatherer EE. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Information Revolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>larger and less muscular (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased bone density (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To acquire the resources needed for survival (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carrying game meat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provides more food, nutrients, and resources for survival (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Better communication between brain and body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased success in hunting and acquiring resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased muscle strength and endurance in adults (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced immunity and disease resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were approximately 20% stronger. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical Activity Level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>20% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thrifty Gene Hypothesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Time of day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glycogen stores are lost. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased efficiency has led to less need for physical activity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Similar skeletal structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic Core (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides parks and spaces for activity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased activity helps find food, allowing for more rest. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exercise is good for health and fitness. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biological Basis for Physical Activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased fat oxidation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weather (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Access to parks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The complete set of DNA, including all genes, in a human being.

Any movement generated by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure.

The structure of the human body is designed for movement and physical activity.

Changes in organisms that enhance survival and reproduction in response to environmental demands.

Reduced physical activity leads to loss of function, increased disease risk, and higher mortality.

An early human lifestyle focused on foraging and hunting for food.

The period when humans began to domesticate plants and animals for food.

The amount of energy expended by an individual in a day.

Today's humans expend less energy than early hunter-gatherers.

Current recommendations for physical activity levels for health.

Improves transport of oxygen-rich blood to tissues.

Experience growth and improved metabolism at the cellular level.

Improve coordination, efficiency, cognitive function, and memory.

Result from improved performance and survival capabilities.

Includes activities like walking, running, and dancing.

Includes lifting and carrying heavy objects.

Increased success rates in hunting and gathering.

Factors influencing current levels of physical activity include genetics, environment, and personal motivations.

Genetics account for approximately 20% of an individual's physical activity levels.

CRF levels are influenced by 40% of what determines physical activity levels today.

Personal aspects like likes, dislikes, and motivation that affect physical activity.

Include natural and built environments that encourage or discourage physical activity.

Humans have made things efficient, reducing the necessity for physical activity.

Resources and support from one's background can influence physical activity levels.

The new belief is that exercise is beneficial for health and well-being.

Hunter Gatherers were predicted to be as fast as modern elite sprinters like Usain Bolt.

Hunter Gatherers had a VO2max comparable to modern athletes due to fitness and smaller size.

Hunter Gatherers were 20% stronger than modern day athletes, indicating superior physical characteristics.

PAL stands for Physical Activity Level, calculated as total energy burned in 24 hours divided by basal metabolic rate.

This hypothesis suggests that genes allow efficient energy storage to survive food scarcity.

Excess physical activity leads to increased glycogen stores but decreases fat oxidation during feasting.

Exercising while fasting increases fat oxidation but decreases glycogen stores, which long-term can reduce performance.

The human genome requires physical activity to maintain health, linking genes to lifestyle changes.