Questions and Answers
What characterized nursing during the Apprentice Period (6th century - 18th century)?
What was the primary purpose of the Knights of St.Lazarus?
Who is known as the Patroness of Nurses?
Which military religious order was known for founding hospitals?
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When was the Alexian Brothers Hospital School of Nursing founded?
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What significant contribution did Florence Nightingale make to nursing?
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What was the first nursing school established in the Philippines?
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What period is also referred to as the Dark Period in nursing history?
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What was one major contribution of Florence Nightingale during the Crimean War?
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Which title is NOT commonly associated with Florence Nightingale?
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What was the impact of Florence Nightingale's reforms on patient mortality rates during the Crimean War?
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What essential practices did Florence Nightingale emphasize for nursing care?
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In what year did Florence Nightingale publish 'Notes on Nursing'?
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What was Florence Nightingale's role in the hospitals before her reforms?
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How did Florence Nightingale earn the title 'Lady with the Lamp'?
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What was a significant reason for the closure of hospitals prior to Nightingale's training programs?
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What was the primary belief regarding the cause of illness during the primitive era?
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What was the role of nurses during the intuitive period?
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Which ancient civilization introduced the Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus?
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What is trephining mostly associated with?
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Which of the following practices was NOT commonly associated with prehistoric medical practices?
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What did early civilizations merge with medical practices?
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How were instinctive nursing practices characterized in ancient times?
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Which of the following was a common practice in early medicine related to mental health?
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What was a significant aspect of the training at the Nightingale Training School for Nurses?
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What was the intent behind establishing a subscription fund during the war for Florence Nightingale?
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What was required for district nurses according to Nightingale's standards?
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What role did the 'home sister' or 'mistress of probationers' play in the Nightingale training?
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What was emphasized in the moral component of nursing training at the Nightingale school?
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What type of living arrangement was suggested for probationers during their training?
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What was required for nurses entering administrative positions in Nightingale’s framework?
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What notable practice was expected from probationers during their training?
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What was one major role of nurses during World War I?
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What significant shift occurred in nursing after World War II?
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What was a major challenge for nursing education during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines?
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What kind of environment did American nurses work in during the war?
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What does the term 'dependent to independent nursing practice' refer to?
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What was a notable aspect of nurses' roles after World War I?
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Which of the following statements best describes the state of nursing training post-World War II?
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What overarching theme can be identified in the evolution of nursing roles after major world wars?
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Study Notes
Evolution of Nursing
- Medicine men, referred to as shamans or witches, believed in white magic for healing.
- Nursing in primitive times was instinctive, rooted in compassion to help others without formal training.
- Trephining was an early surgical method, involving drilling into the skull to treat illnesses believed caused by evil spirits.
Prehistoric Medical Practices
- Practices included bloodletting using leeches, lobotomies, and the use of mercury and heroin.
- Cannibalistic medical practices were noted among primitive societies.
Contributions of Ancient Civilizations
- Early civilizations showed no distinction between rational science and magical thinking.
- The Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus documented diagnosis and treatment of women's health issues.
Apprenticeship Period (6th Century - 18th Century)
- Nursing performed without formal education; experience was gained through more experienced nurses.
- In the Philippines, healers known as "herbolarios" addressed various ailments attributed to supernatural causes.
Military Religious Orders
- The Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, also known as "Knight Hospitalers," founded hospitals for the sick.
- Teutonic Knights established field hospitals for wounded soldiers.
- The Alexian Brothers created one of the largest nursing schools for men in the U.S., emphasizing care for lepers.
Important Nursing Figures
- St. Clare founded the second order of St. Francis and played a significant role in nursing care.
- St. Elizabeth of Hungary is recognized as the “Patroness of Nurses,” known for her charitable works.
- Florence Nightingale revolutionized nursing practices during the Crimean War, emphasizing sanitation and patient care.
Nightingale's Influence
- Florence Nightingale's leadership during the Crimean War reduced patient mortality rates significantly from 40% to 2%.
- Her book, "Notes on Nursing," highlighted the importance of hygiene, proper nutrition, and attentive nursing care.
Education Period (18th – 20th Century)
- Florence established the Nightingale Training School for Nurses in 1860, shaping nursing education.
- Fund allocation for nursing education and affiliation of nursing schools with hospitals were advocated.
- Nursing training merged practical experience with medical lectures, fostering professional standards.
Contemporary Nursing (21st Century)
- Modern nurses are decision-makers, earning respect for their contributions to patient care.
- Post-World War I, nursing roles expanded significantly with increased patient volumes.
- Nurses took on advanced responsibilities in triage and wound management during WWII, adapting to new challenges.
- Post-war, the rise of the Bachelor of Science in Nursing curriculum emerged, enhancing professional training.
Historical Challenges and Adaptations
- Nursing took on increased responsibilities without antibiotics or electrical support, focusing on good infection control.
- The Philippine nursing education faced disruption during WWII but later evolved with a renewed focus on university-based programs.
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Description
Explore the fascinating evolution of nursing from prehistoric times to the early modern period. This quiz covers primitive medical practices, significant contributions from ancient civilizations, and the evolution of professional nursing roles. Test your knowledge on the historical context and practices that shaped modern medicine.
