Lecture 3: Evolution of Life: Organism Behaviors and Natural Selection
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Questions and Answers

What did Darwin identify as the reason for evolutionary changes in a population?

  • Heritable particles blend to strengthen adaptations.
  • Pangenesis dilutes adaptations through reproduction.
  • Organisms with the best-suited characteristics for their environment survive and reproduce better. (correct)
  • Mendel's discovery of dominant and recessive traits.

    • How did Mendel's discovery contribute to solving Darwin's problem?

  • By identifying heritable particles that do not blend, contradicting Pangenesis. (correct)
  • By proposing the double helix model.
  • By diluting adaptations through reproduction.
  • By confirming that genes are made of DNA.

    • What is Pangenesis according to the text?

  • The model proposed by Watson and Crick.
  • The confirmation that genes are located in chromosomes.
  • The process of genes blending to strengthen adaptations.
  • The concept that body cells produce hereditary particles circulating in the blood. (correct)

    • What is the role of natural selection in evolution as per the text?

    <p>Identifying why some individuals survive and reproduce better based on their characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Mendel, what happens to traits that are dominant?

    <p>They are expressed over recessive traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Watson and Crick confirming that genes are made of DNA?

    <p>It led to the proposal of the double helix model.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process describes the development of organs or bodily structures in different species that resemble each other and have the same functions but did not have a common ancestral origin?

    <p>Convergence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Linnaeus, how did he classify plants?

    <p>Based on their similarity, forming a hierarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of characters are the most informative for deciding relatedness according to Hennig's Cladistics?

    <p>Shared derived characters (synapomorphies)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of variation in traits according to Modern Synthesis?

    <p>Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a grade represent in classification?

    <p>A grouping with certain features in common</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Shared primitive characters' and 'unique characters' are not useful for identifying which species are most closely related. What are the more useful characters for this purpose?

    <p>'Shared ancestral characters' and 'shared derived characters'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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