Evolution of Behavior: Supernormal Stimulus and Natural Selection
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of nuptial gifts in the context of mate choice?

  • To facilitate sexual imprinting
  • To increase the recipient's fecundity
  • To reduce competition from other suitors
  • To signal the giver's quality and suitability as a mate (correct)

    • Which of the following traits is likely to be an honest indicator of an individual's quality?

  • Bright plumage coloration
  • Large body size
  • Complex courtship displays
  • All of the above (correct)

    • How does the sensory bias and sensory exploitation model differ from the other two models of mate choice?

  • It is only applicable to species with complex courtship displays
  • It focuses on the evolution of traits that are honest indicators of quality
  • It is a form of mutualism
  • It involves the exploitation of pre-existing biases in the sensory system (correct)

    • What is an example of evidence of sexual selection in females?

    <p>Females with ornaments are more likely to be healthier and have better condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is sexual selection different in species that show gender role reversals?

    <p>Females are more likely to engage in competitive displays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of the Tit for Tat strategy in the Prisoner's Dilemma model?

    <p>It allows for immediate retaliation against cheaters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of byproduct mutualism?

    <p>Oxpeckers and rhinoceros</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of an Evolutionarily Stable Strategy (ESS)?

    <p>It is a strategy that is resistant to invasion by cheating mutants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of parasitism?

    <p>Tapeworm and its host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of reciprocal altruism over other forms of cooperation?

    <p>It allows for iterated Prisoner's Dilemma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between the rule-of-thumb model and the green-beard model of kin recognition?

    <p>The rule-of-thumb model is based on phenotypic cues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which natural selection acts on a population?

    <p>Differential reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which a small group of individuals becomes isolated from a larger population and establishes a new population?

    <p>Founder effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of the history of evolutionary relationships between organisms?

    <p>Phylogeny</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a trait that is present in a common ancestor and is retained in its descendants?

    <p>Plesiomorphy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which a single species splits into two or more distinct species?

    <p>Speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which a population becomes genetically isolated from other populations and undergoes adaptation to its local environment?

    <p>Microevolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

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