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Evolution Mechanisms Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between genetic drift and natural selection?

Genetic drift is caused by mutations, while natural selection is caused by gene flow.

Genetic drift is random, while natural selection is based on advantageous traits. (correct)

Genetic drift increases genetic diversity, while natural selection decreases it.

Genetic drift occurs in large populations, while natural selection occurs in small populations.

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of evolution?

Adaptation (correct)

Gene flow

Genetic drift

Natural selection

How does gene flow influence the genetic makeup of populations?

It leads to the development of new species.

It decreases genetic diversity by removing alleles.

It has no effect on genetic diversity.

It increases genetic diversity by introducing new alleles. (correct)

What is the bottleneck effect?

The loss of genetic diversity due to a population crash. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of how mutations can lead to the evolution of new traits?

A bacteria develops resistance to an antibiotic after exposure to the drug. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor that drives natural selection?

Variations within a population (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase "survival of the fittest" mean in the context of natural selection?

Organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best describes the mechanism of disruptive selection?

A population of birds with a varied beak size, where birds with beaks suited for specific food sources thrive (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does geographic isolation contribute to speciation?

It prevents gene flow between populations, allowing them to evolve independently (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which temporal isolation prevents interbreeding?

Differences in mating seasons or times of day (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does directional selection affect the variation within a population?

It eliminates variation by favoring only one specific trait (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely outcome for a species that fails to adapt to changes in its environment?

Decline in population size and potential extinction (C) Signup and view all the answers

Organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to __________, contributing to the evolution of the species.

survive and reproduce (B) Signup and view all the answers