Evolution and Genetics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What term describes the genetic condition present in the Fugate family of Troublesome Creek, KY?

  • Sickle cell anemia
  • Methemoglobinemia (correct)
  • Hemophilia
  • Cystic fibrosis
  • What phenomenon is illustrated by the Fugate family's genetic condition being passed on in an isolated population?

  • Gene flow
  • Genetic drift (correct)
  • Hybrid vigor
  • Natural selection
  • What term describes inherited traits that enhance survival and reproduction in an environment?

  • Evolution
  • Adaptations (correct)
  • Natural selection
  • Environmental factors
  • In the context of evolution, what does a common ancestor imply about two organisms?

    <p>They are more closely related the more recently they shared a common ancestor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the permanent loss of a species, such as the Tasmanian Tiger?

    <p>Extinction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the theory of evolution imply about traits that contribute to survival?

    <p>They are inherited and increase fitness in a specific environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept explains how a small, isolated population retains unique genetic traits over generations?

    <p>Founder’s effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Darwin's theory explain the relationship between species?

    <p>It claims that related species share a common ancestor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of genetic drift in isolated populations?

    <p>Reducing the gene pool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of adaptations in organisms according to evolutionary biology?

    <p>They allow organisms to thrive in their habitats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes species that mate based on the timing of daylight changes?

    <p>Temporal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of structures are forelimbs of mammals that share similar bone structures despite serving different functions?

    <p>Homologous structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of isolation occurs when species have differences in their mating behaviors?

    <p>Behavioral isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures may have lost their original function over time?

    <p>Vestigial organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to when different species evolve similar traits independently?

    <p>Convergent evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes changes in DNA that can result in new alleles?

    <p>Mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used for structures that are similar due to shared ancestry?

    <p>Homologous structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of reproductive isolation occurs when species breed at different times?

    <p>Temporal isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for features that have lost their original function through evolution?

    <p>Vestigial organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following concepts refers to different species developing similar traits due to similar environmental pressures?

    <p>Convergent evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can random changes in DNA lead to within a gene pool?

    <p>Increased genetic variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reproductive isolation occurs when species occupy different habitats?

    <p>Habitat isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes is primarily driven by mutations in DNA?

    <p>Evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example illustrates temporal isolation between two species?

    <p>One species reproduces during the day, and another at night</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes analogous structures in different species?

    <p>Similar functions arising independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a category of streams?

    <p>habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the branch of biology that focuses on naming and classifying organisms?

    <p>Taxonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the interaction of organisms with their environment and each other?

    <p>Ecology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Botany as a field of study?

    <p>Plant life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following branches of biology deals with the heredity and variation of organisms?

    <p>Genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the survival rate of offspring for Swiss starlings producing fewer than 4 or more than 5 eggs in a clutch?

    <p>Lower than average</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of selection would favor Swiss starlings that produce 4 to 5 eggs in a clutch?

    <p>Stabilizing selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical number of eggs found in a clutch of Swiss starlings?

    <p>4 to 5 eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a study indicates a lower survival rate for starlings producing less than 4 eggs, this suggests what about their reproductive strategy?

    <p>They are subject to environmental constraints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes when extreme phenotypes are selected against in a population?

    <p>Stabilizing selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior does the male of one species exhibit in the presence of predators?

    <p>They sing only when predators are absent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of evidence is considered most compelling for supporting the theory of evolution?

    <p>DNA evidence that shows genetic similarities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a behavioral adaptation related to predation?

    <p>Vocalizations used as warnings among species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we call the phenomenon when two species exhibit different mating behaviors?

    <p>Reproductive isolation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term best describes traits that are inherited due to their advantage in survival and reproduction?

    <p>Adaptive traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides the most recent evidence for evolution?

    <p>DNA evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it indicate if human skin color is controlled by more than one gene?

    <p>Polygenic inheritance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the genetic variance seen in a small, isolated population over generations?

    <p>Genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is likely the result of traits contributing to human success in an environment?

    <p>Adaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If two species develop similar traits due to similar environmental challenges, what is this called?

    <p>Convergent evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of isolation occurs when one species lives in tree holes while another species lives in streams?

    <p>habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the branch of biology that deals with naming and classifying organisms?

    <p>Taxonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the process through which organisms are categorized based on their evolutionary relationships?

    <p>Systematics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of biological classification, what is the correct order of categories from broadest to most specific?

    <p>Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about taxonomy is incorrect?

    <p>Taxonomy is unrelated to evolutionary biology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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