Evidence-Based Practice Chapter 8

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the three components of Evidence Based Practice (EBP)?

Data Collection, Intervention, Reflection

Assessment, Intervention, Evaluation

Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment

External Evidence, Clinical Expertise, Client/Family Values and Preferences (correct)

What is the purpose of generalization probes?

Generalization probes are used to assess whether learned skills transfer to untrained stimuli, contexts, or environments. In other words, they help us determine if the child can use the skill outside of the therapy setting.

What is the purpose of control probes?

Control probes are used to measure changes in untreated behaviors or sounds. This helps ensure that progress is due to the intervention and not external factors, such as maturation or spontaneous development.

What does practice-based evidence (PBE) tell us that published research does not?

PBE offers insights into how treatments work for individual clients with unique needs, which might differ from research group averages and how they perform in real-world clinical settings. Signup and view all the answers

When is Continuous Reinforcement used?

During the initial stages of therapy or for new skills Signup and view all the answers

When is Intermittent Reinforcement used?

When the behavior needs to be maintained or generalized Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Vertical Approach in goal attack?

Focus on one or two specific goals until mastery is achieved before moving to the next Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Horizontal Approach in goal attack?

Work on multiple goals simultaneously during a session Signup and view all the answers

What describes the transfer of learned behavior to new settings or stimuli?

Stimulus Generalization Signup and view all the answers

What describes the production of untrained sounds or patterns due to training on a related sound?

Response Generalization Signup and view all the answers

What describes the transfer of learned sounds or patterns to different word positions or contexts?

Contextual Generalization Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a challenge of treating very young children?

Poor Visual Acuity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a difference between treating older children and treating very young children?

Motor Skill Development Signup and view all the answers

Which approach to assessing auditory perception in a child suspected of having difficulty with sound contrasts involves presenting words with sound contrasts and asking the child to point to pictures or objects corresponding to what they heard?

Identification Tasks Signup and view all the answers

Which approach to assessing auditory perception in a child suspected of having difficulty with sound contrasts involves analyzing misperceptions or errors during natural conversation to determine if they stem from auditory discrimination challenges?

Error Pattern Analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which approach to assessing auditory perception in a child suspected of having difficulty with sound contrasts involves playing sound contrasts in varied phonetic contexts to assess perception accuracy?

Listening Exercises Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in the traditional articulation therapy approach?

Phonological Awareness Training Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of auditory discrimination training?

To teach the child to recognize the target sound and distinguish it from incorrect productions Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Sound Establishment?

To teach the child to produce the target sound in isolation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Sound Stabilization?

To practice the sound in increasingly complex contexts (isolation, syllables, words, sentences, conversations) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Generalization?

To ensure the child can use the sound correctly in various settings and with different communication partners Signup and view all the answers

What describes an approach to speech sound intervention that targets sound production accuracy through modeling, shaping, and practice at the level of articulation?

Motor-Based Treatment Signup and view all the answers

What describes an approach to speech sound intervention that focuses on the underlying phonological rules or patterns, aiming to reorganize the child's phonological system, and targets sound contrasts and error patterns to improve overall intelligibility?

Linguistically Based Treatment Signup and view all the answers

What describes a technique that targets a single sound contrast related to a consistent phonological error?

Conventional Minimal Pairs Signup and view all the answers

What describes a technique that targets complex, marked sounds (e.g., clusters) to promote generalization to simpler sounds?

Complexity Approach Signup and view all the answers

What describes a technique that addresses multiple phoneme collapses by contrasting several sounds at once?

Multiple Oppositions Signup and view all the answers

Which approach to therapy involves assessing and identifying error patterns, selecting primary targets, cycling through patterns in short periods (e.g., 2-4 weeks per pattern), using auditory bombardment, production practice, and stimulability tasks, and repeating cycles as needed?

Cycles Approach Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of providing tactile feedback in therapy?

Requires close physical interaction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of providing visual feedback in therapy?

Can be helpful for children with visual impairments Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key indicator of phonological awareness that emerges during the preschool period?

Understanding the concept of tense Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a typical component of a classroom-based or intensive small-group phonological awareness intervention program?

One-on-one sessions with an SLP to address individual needs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of providing visual feedback in therapy?

Requires specialized equipment Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chapter 8

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Components: EBP integrates three key components: external evidence (research findings), clinical expertise, and client/family values.
External Evidence: Involves using the most recent research findings validated by data to guide decision-making in clinical settings.
Clinical Expertise: Clinicians use their professional judgment and knowledge to tailor treatments effectively to the individual client's needs.
Client/Family Values: Considering client and family input, cultural background, preferences, and needs ensures treatment is meaningful and relevant.
Treatment Data: Data tracks client progress during therapy sessions, monitoring acquisition of targeted skills in therapy environments.
Generalization Probes: Assess whether client skills taught in therapy transfer to other environments, contexts, and untrained stimuli. These example probes evaluate the child's ability to use a new skill in everyday conversation settings.
Control Probes: Used to measure changes (lack thereof) in untreated behaviours or sounds to confirm intervention effectiveness and help identify if progress is due to the intervention or maturation or spontaneous development.

Chapter 9

Continuous Reinforcement: Used in the initial stages or during the introduction of a new skill, to establish behaviour by giving consistent feedback after every correct response (e.g., praising correct sound production every time.).
Intermittent Reinforcement: Used once the behaviour has been learned and needs to be maintained or generalized. Encourages consistency across contexts to prevent dependency on constant reinforcement. This might involve praising a correct sound production every few attempts, not every single time.
Criteria for Selecting Consequent Events: These should be immediate, meaningful (motivating), consistent, aligned with goals and avoid overuse, avoiding diminishing intrinsic motivation.

Chapter 10

Auditory Perception Assessment: This process involves identifying whether a child has difficulty with sound contrasts to assess auditory perception through discrimination and identification tasks. These tasks may include identifying if two words are the same or presenting words with similar sounds and asking the child to point to corresponding pictures.
Error Patterns: Analyzing responses in conversation to assess auditory perception challenges. Example tasks include presenting sound contrasts in varied phonetic contexts (e.g., word-initial vs. word-final).
Traditional Articulation Therapy: This therapy approach focuses on teaching children the correct sounds through modeling, phonetic placement, or shaping and focusing on the motor execution of these sounds. Activities may include isolation, syllables, words, and sentences. It addresses the production of a specific sound, like practicing /r/.
Linguistic Articulation Therapy: This therapy approach focuses on the underlying phonological rules to reorganize the child's phonological system and targeting sound contrasts and error patterns to ensure overall intelligibility. A common method would be to use minimal pairs (e.g., 'bee' vs. 'beet')
Linguistic Approach: This strategy entails identifying consistent error patterns, establishing target phonological processes, and employing techniques like minimal pairs or the cycles approach to address patterns to help organize the child's phonological system.

Chapter 11

Motor-Based vs. Linguistically-Based Treatment: Motor-based treatment focuses on improving the motor execution while linguistic-based treatment focuses on reorganizing the child's phonological system.

Chapter 12

Assessment Battery Comparisons: A typical assessment for speech disorder features standardized articulation tests, spontaneous speech samples and stimulability tasks. Assessment for CAS (Childhood Apraxia of Speech) may additionally incorporate dynamic assessments measuring performance with cueing and diadochokinetic rates, along with multisyllabic word production.
Therapy Approaches for CAS: Therapy for CAS, compared to traditional articulation therapy, typically emphasizes repetitive, structured practice with multimodal feedback. Examples of specific CAS therapies include using Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing (DTTC) for imitation and immediate feedback, Rapid Syllable Transition (ReST) for prosody and transitions. Integrated Phonological Awareness Therapy combining phonological and motor goals may also be used.
Modifications for Older Children: Treatment for older children should account for their age-appropriate needs, potentially focusing on functional language skills, social goals, and academic needs.

Chapter 13

Phonological Awareness: Emerging indicators in preschoolers include recognizing rhymes and alliterations, identifying syllables and blending/segmenting sounds.
Phonological Awareness and Reading: A strong correlation exists between phonological awareness and reading success, and difficulties are significantly linked to struggles with decoding and spelling.
Phonological Awareness and Expressive PDs: Children with expressive phonological disorders (PDs) are at elevated risk for phonological awareness issues due to reduced exposure to correct phonological forms.
SLP Role: SLPs are responsible for assessing, monitoring, and providing intervention for phonological awareness, especially in at-risk children.
Strategies for Phonological Awareness: This may include incorporating rhymes, sounds, word blending games, using repetitive patterns in songs and books. These activities can be integrated into existing literacy instruction in a classroom setting or intensive small groups.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the crucial components of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in this quiz. Delve into the roles of external evidence, clinical expertise, and client/family values in shaping effective treatment plans. Also, examine the importance of treatment data and generalization probes in monitoring client progress and skill transfer.