Evidence-Based Medicine Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What can a doctor not do, even if they have time to read all published articles and studies?

  • Evaluate the value of the study (correct)
  • Review all published articles
  • Read selectively
  • Interpret the study's methodology

    • What does 'explicit' mean in the context of evidence-based practice?

  • Being up-front, open, clear and transparent (correct)
  • Using personal values to guide decision-making
  • Using good judgement and common sense
  • Being careful and thorough in what you do

    • What is the ultimate goal of evidence-based medicine?

  • To solely rely on personal values to guide decision-making
  • To integrate the experience of the clinician, the values of the patient, and the best available scientific information (correct)
  • To teach research methodology
  • To read all published articles and studies

    • What does 'judicious' mean in the context of evidence-based practice?

    <p>Using good judgement and common sense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is evidence-based practice?

    <p>The conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of the change in the way physicians practice medicine due to evidence-based medicine?

    <p>Physicians practice, teach, and learn in a new way</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the term 'Evidence-Based Medicine' first proposed?

    <p>1991</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the development of Evidence-Based Medicine?

    <p>Unsystematic clinical experience and pathophysiological rationale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who led the group that consolidated and named the approach as Evidence-Based Medicine in 1992?

    <p>Gordon Guyatt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of medical knowledge?

    <p>It grows every day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an impact of the shift to Evidence-Based Medicine?

    <p>A change in the way physicians practice medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the original purpose of the committee formed in 1970?

    <p>To understand how health professionals learn and keep up-to-date after they graduate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of Evidence-Based Medicine?

    <p>Emphasis on evidence collected from research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where was the Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics located?

    <p>McMaster University in Ontario, Canada</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Cochrane Systematic Reviews?

    <p>They answer a specific clinical question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Cochrane Systematic Reviews and Non-Cochrane Systematic Reviews?

    <p>The method of critically appraising the literature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Critically Appraised Articles?

    <p>To critically evaluate single research articles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When would you need to access Unfiltered Information Resources?

    <p>When there is no filtered information on your topic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is MEDLINE?

    <p>A premier source for biomedical journal articles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do research articles in journals require critical evaluation?

    <p>Because they are not evaluated for quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between filtered and unfiltered information resources?

    <p>The level of quality evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an Unfiltered Information Resource?

    <p>Research article found in a journal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the 5 As technique of Evidence-Based Medicine?

    <p>Clinical Question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of critical appraisal in EBM?

    <p>To evaluate evidence for quality and usefulness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does PICO stand for in the context of critical appraisal?

    <p>Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key question to consider during critical appraisal?

    <p>What is the researcher's opinion on the topic?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of the 5 As technique in Evidence-Based Medicine?

    <p>To implement useful findings in clinical practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is critical appraisal necessary in Evidence-Based Medicine?

    <p>To evaluate the quality and usefulness of evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of a well-framed clinical question in EBM?

    <p>To identify the problem and clarify the clinical issue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good clinical question in EBM?

    <p>Involve a question of personal preference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'P' in PICO stand for?

    <p>Patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'I' in PICO?

    <p>To specify the clinical intervention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between PICO and PECO?

    <p>PICO is used for therapeutic interventions, while PECO is used for environmental exposures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an 'O' in PICO?

    <p>Reduced blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using a framework like PICO to frame a clinical question?

    <p>It clarifies the clinical issue and identifies the problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to ask good clinical questions in EBM?

    <p>To improve patient outcomes and provide evidence-based care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM)

    • EBM originated in the late 1980s, and was first proposed in medical literature in 1991 as a new way of teaching the practice of medicine.
    • It was consolidated and named EBM in 1992 by a group led by Gordon Guyatt from McMaster University in Ontario, Canada.
    • EBM is a change in the way physicians practice medicine, teach, and learn, and handle research.

    Definition of EBM

    • EBM is the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in helping individual patients make decisions about their care.
    • It integrates the experience of the clinician, the values of the patient, and the best available scientific information to guide decision-making about clinical management.
    • Conscientious means being careful and thorough, explicit means being up-front, open, and clear, and judicious means using good judgement and common sense.

    Need for EBM

    • Medical knowledge grows every day, and medical research is continually discovering improved treatment methods and therapies.
    • Practitioners must keep up to date with current research, but not all studies are equally well-designed, conducted, or interpreted.
    • Doctors lack the time to evaluate the value of each study, its methodology, outcome, and transparency.

    Five Basic Steps of EBM

    • Step 1: Clinical Question (ASK)
      • Framing the question using PICO/PECO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome)
      • Examples: 47-year-old male with DM2 and cellulitis toe, 25-year-old female with DVT and chest pain
    • Step 2: Find Best Evidence (Acquire)
      • Filtered information resources: Cochrane Systematic Reviews, Non-Cochrane Systematic Reviews, Critically Appraised Articles
      • Unfiltered information resources: Journal Articles, Research articles found in journals (e.g., MEDLINE)
    • Step 3: Critical Appraisal (APPRAISE)
      • Evaluate evidence for quality and usefulness
      • Appraisal principles: PICO, methodology, bias, results, and relevance
    • Step 4: Apply the Evidence (Apply)
      • Implement useful findings in clinical practice
    • Step 5: Evaluate (Assess)
      • The information, intervention, and EBM process

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    Evidence-Based Medicine PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of Evidence-Based Medicine, its components, and importance, with this quiz designed by Dr. Nelly Hegazy, Lecturer of Public Health and Community Medicine.

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