28 Questions
Which type of pain scale is considered only suitable for acute pain?
Visual analog scale
What is the critical appraisal question listed that pertains to the randomness of subject group assignments in a study?
Is assignment to groups truly random?
In the context of clinical trials, what does statistical significance NOT represent?
Determining the truth
Which type of pain scale includes scales like the brief pain inventory and the McGill pain questionnaire?
Multi-dimensional pain inventory
What percentage reduction in the Visual Analog Scale or Numeric Rating scale is considered an example of clinically significant pain relief?
30%
In a study comparing two treatments, what does a p value of 0.05 indicate?
High risk of chance differences between treatments
According to Dr. Nicola Tyers, what is the definition of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) provided by David Sackett?
The integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values.
What is the primary focus of the second lecture in the Evidence-Based Medicine seminar series?
Calculating numbers and pharmacoeconomics.
Which of the following is NOT a learning objective of the first lecture in the Evidence-Based Medicine series?
Understanding the principles of randomized controlled trials.
What does the acronym PICO stand for in the context of Evidence-Based Medicine?
Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome.
What is the difference between statistical significance and clinical significance?
Statistical significance refers to the probability that a result occurred by chance, while clinical significance refers to the practical importance of a result.
Which type of evidence is considered the highest level in the hierarchy of evidence used in guidelines?
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
What is the key component of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) when it comes to assessing study design?
Critical appraisal of study design
In the context of research studies, what does the mnemonic PICO(t) stand for?
Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome Measures, Time period
What distinguishes Patient Oriented Outcomes (POOs) from Disease Oriented Outcomes (DOOs)?
POOs focus on patient scores like pain scores while DOOs measure physiological parameters like BP.
Why is critical appraisal of study design essential in research?
To determine if a well-designed study has lower risk for bias.
What is the primary purpose of using checklists when evaluating research studies?
To evaluate how well a study has been designed, carried out, and reported.
Why is it important for outcomes to be both statistically AND clinically significant in research studies?
To provide evidence that the intervention improves patient health outcomes significantly.
What is the main purpose of published studies in the context of evidence-based medicine?
To assess the effectiveness of interventions and inform recommendations
Which organization is responsible for assessing efficacy, safety, quality, and issuing product licenses for new medicinal products in the UK?
MHRA
Which type of study is considered the 'gold standard' in evidence-based medicine?
Randomised controlled trial (RCT)
What is the purpose of critical appraisal in evidence-based medicine?
To assess the quality and relevance of published studies
Which type of evidence is ranked highest in the NICE Evidence Grading system?
I Evidence from a single RCT or a meta-analysis of RCTs
What is the main purpose of NICE guidelines in the context of evidence-based medicine?
To assess the cost-effectiveness of interventions and inform recommendations
What is the main purpose of the MHRA in the context of evidence-based medicine?
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of new medicinal products
Which type of study involves collecting data from a whole population at a single point in time?
Cross-sectional study
Which type of study involves comparing patients who have had a treatment to patients who have not had the treatment, in a retrospective manner?
Case control study
Which type of study involves comparing patients receiving a treatment to patients who are not receiving the treatment, in a prospective manner?
Cohort study
Explore the fundamental principles of Evidence-based Medicine (EBM) in this comprehensive lecture series by Dr. Nicola Tyers, with contributions from Dr. Barbra Katusiime and acknowledgements to Dr. Shivaun Gammie and Professor Janet Krska. Learn about different types of published studies, principles of critical appraisal, calculating numbers, pharmacoeconomics, and practical critical appraisal.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
