Evidence-based Medicine EBM 3 & 4 Lecture 2020/2021

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

What is the Relative Risk Increase (RRI) calculated to be, based on the given information?

  • 30%
  • 40%
  • 200% (correct)
  • 10%

Which measure is used to represent the likelihood that an event will occur compared to the likelihood it won't happen?

  • Absolute risk reduction
  • Relative risk reduction
  • Number needed to treat
  • Odds Ratio (correct)

What does an Odds Ratio (OR) of 1 indicate?

  • Exposure/risk factor affects outcome odds
  • Exposure/risk factor does not affect outcome odds (correct)
  • There is no association between exposure/risk factor and outcome odds
  • Exposure/risk factor increases outcome odds

If the Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) is 4.1%, what would be the Relative Rate of Success (RR)?

<p>1.041 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the provided information, what does a Number Needed to Harm (NNH) of 5 mean?

<p>For every 5 people treated, one will experience harm. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between absolute risk reduction (ARR) and relative risk reduction (RRR)?

<p>ARR is the difference in event rates between two groups, while RRR is the percentage change in the event rate between two groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of meta-analysis over RCTs?

<p>Meta-analysis has a larger sample size, which increases the statistical power and precision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of confidence intervals in critical appraisal?

<p>Confidence intervals provide a range of values within which the true effect size is likely to lie (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a QALY?

<p>QALY is a measure of the quality of life gained by a treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about odds ratio (OR) is true?

<p>OR is the ratio of the odds of an event occurring in one group to the odds of it occurring in another group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following treatments would you choose based on the information given?

<p>Treatment C: increased patients' survival rate from 84% to 87% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Relative Rate of success (staying alive) in surgical patients compared to medical therapy?

<p>1.06 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Relative Risk Reduction (RRR) of death in the surgical group compared to the medical therapy group?

<p>13.4% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) of death in the surgical group compared to the medical therapy group?

<p>4.1% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Number Needed to Treat (NNT) for the surgical group compared to the medical therapy group?

<p>7 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure provides a more meaningful comparison between the surgical and medical therapy groups?

<p>Number Needed to Treat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure is most affected by the baseline risk of the population being studied?

<p>Absolute Risk Reduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure is least affected by the baseline risk of the population being studied?

<p>Relative Rate of success (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure is used to determine the effectiveness of a treatment in preventing adverse outcomes?

<p>Number Needed to Treat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure is used to compare the effectiveness of two treatments in preventing adverse outcomes?

<p>Relative Risk Reduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure is used to determine the absolute benefit of a treatment in preventing adverse outcomes?

<p>Absolute Risk Reduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) in the context of Treatment C?

<p>3% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Number Needed to Treat (NNT) for Treatment C?

<p>34 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment would you choose based on the Relative Risk Reduction (RRR)?

<p>Treatment A (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment would you choose based on the Number Needed to Treat (NNT)?

<p>Treatment D (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of side-effects, what is the Absolute Risk Increase (ARI) for patients experiencing episodes of diarrhoea with a new oral antidepressant?

<p>30% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of side-effects, what is the Relative Risk Increase (RRI) for patients experiencing episodes of diarrhoea with a new oral antidepressant?

<p>100% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of side-effects, what is the Number Needed to Harm (NNH) for patients experiencing episodes of diarrhoea with a new oral antidepressant?

<p>5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) calculated?

<p>By subtracting the treatment rate from the control rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the Number Needed to Treat (NNT) calculated?

<p>By dividing 100 by the ARR(%) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Relative Risk Reduction (RRR) in the context of Treatment C?

<p>19% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards are hidden until you start studying

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser