Evidence Based Dentistry Study Designs Quiz
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Questions and Answers

In research studies, which term is used to describe the risk factor whose effect is being studied?

  • Variable
  • Intervention
  • Outcome
  • Exposure (correct)

Which term refers to a measurable attribute that varies across study units?

  • Intervention
  • Outcome
  • Variable (correct)
  • Exposure

Which type of study design assesses the relationship between two variables without any intervention by the researcher?

  • Cross-sectional study
  • Experimental study
  • Randomized controlled trial
  • Observational study (correct)

What is the variable that develops as a consequence of the exposure or intervention in a research study?

<p>Outcome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of causative variables in research, does 'intervention' refer to a variable that occurs naturally or is implemented by the researcher?

<p>Implemented by researcher (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an experimental study, what are the variables that are deliberately manipulated or introduced by the researcher?

<p>Intervention and outcome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In analytic studies, what is the main focus?

<p>Establishing causal relationships between exposure and outcome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of cross-sectional study design?

<p>Measuring one variable in a population at a particular time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which study design are participants followed up over a period of time to determine the occurrence of outcomes?

<p>Prospective trial (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of retrospective studies?

<p>The outcome of interest has already occurred (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which directionality applies to cohort studies?

<p>Forward-direction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of interventional studies?

<p>Being prospective trials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of descriptive studies?

<p>(C) Describing the data on characteristics of a group without establishing relationships (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of forward-direction in analytic studies?

<p>(C) Attempt to establish causal relationships between exposure and outcome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

(A) What does prospective trial research involve?

Signup and view all the answers

(A) In which study design is measurement of one variable in a population at a particular time done?

Signup and view all the answers

What is the variable that develops as a consequence of the exposure (or intervention) in a research study?

<p>Dependent variable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of causative variables in research, does 'intervention' refer to a variable that occurs naturally or is implemented by the researcher?

<p>Implemented by the researcher (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of study design assesses the relationship between two variables without any intervention by the researcher?

<p>Observational study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of cross-sectional study design?

<p>To measure one variable in a population at a particular time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a measurable attribute that varies across study units?

<p>Independent variable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an analytic study, what is the primary focus?

<p>Establishing causal relationships between an exposure and an outcome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which study design involves measurement of one variable in a population at a particular time?

<p>Cross-sectional study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In research studies, what term is used to describe the risk factor whose effect is being studied?

<p>Exposure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes forward-direction in analytic studies?

<p>Attempt to establish causal relationships (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of study design are participants followed up over a period of time to determine the occurrence of outcomes?

<p>Cohort study (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of interventional studies?

<p>The variables are manipulated or introduced by the researcher (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of retrospective studies?

<p>The outcome of interest has already occurred (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Prospective' trials involve:

<p>Participants being followed up over a period of time to determine outcomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Retrospective' studies involve:

<p>'Snapshot' measurement of one variable in a population at a particular time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Cross-sectional' study design involves:

<p>'Snapshot' measurement of one variable in a population at a particular time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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