P2Q6 Collapse of the USSR (Document)
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Questions and Answers

What significant change in economic and political thinking occurred worldwide in the 1970s onwards?

  • Shift towards centralized planning
  • Rise of free-market economics (correct)
  • Expansion of communism globally
  • Increase in government intervention in the economy
  • Which two Western leaders supported the market approach to economic management and played a role in the ending of Communism?

  • Angela Merkel and Emmanuel Macron
  • Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping
  • Fidel Castro and Kim Jong-un
  • Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan (correct)
  • What system of economy was predominantly adopted in the USSR under Gorbachev?

  • Centralized planning (communism)
  • Free-market economy (capitalism) (correct)
  • Socialist economy with moderate government intervention
  • Mixed economy with elements of capitalism and socialism
  • Which event marked another step towards ending the hostilities between the two superpowers after 40 years?

    <p>Meetings between Gorbachev and Western leaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the Berlin Wall play in the symbolic importance during the Cold War?

    <p>It signified the division between capitalist and communist ideologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the key weaknesses of the Soviet economy during the Cold War?

    <p>Stagnation in the industrial sector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area did the technological advances in the West impact the Soviet Union and its Allies the most?

    <p>Military affairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one significant change that Mikhail Gorbachev brought as the new Soviet leader?

    <p>Economic decentralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did some Western observers consider the Soviet leaders before Gorbachev 'backward-looking'?

    <p>Being trapped in Soviet ideology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a notable difference between Gorbachev and his predecessors according to the text?

    <p>Charm and articulateness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Gorbachev's policies of glasnost and perestroika?

    <p>To make Soviet Socialism stronger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the implementation of Gorbachev's policies lead to the dissolution of the USSR?

    <p>By causing civil unrest in regions like the Caucasus and Baltic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the policies of glasnost and perestroika have on the system of Soviet Socialism?

    <p>They ended the entire system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Boris Yeltsin play in the dissolution of the USSR?

    <p>He declared independence for Russia from the Soviet Union</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the emergence of old forms of nationalism contribute to the end of the Cold War?

    <p>By causing demands for independence from the Soviet Union</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event caused the apartheid government to reconsider its position and ultimately seek peace with Angola and grant independence to Namibia?

    <p>The loss of military strength in southern Angola</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola seen as a Cold War victory, especially for the USA?

    <p>It shifted the balance of power in southern Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forced the apartheid government to rethink its position and eventually agree to grant independence to Namibia?

    <p>The presence of Cuban troops in Angola</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key agreement was reached during the meetings between apartheid officials and various representatives after Castro's move?

    <p>Independence for South West Africa (Namibia)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diplomatic event took place 11 months before the fall of the Berlin Wall that resulted in the signing of a significant Peace Accord?

    <p>The signing of a Peace Accord in New York</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two factions were involved in the initial conflict at Cuito Cuanavale in Angola?

    <p>UNITA and MPLA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened after the SADF initially drove back the FAPLA attack at Cuito Cuanavale?

    <p>Fidel Castro sent Cuban troops and pilots to counter the SADF.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the events at Cuito Cuanavale?

    <p>It was a turning point in the ending of apartheid in South Africa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of Cuban troops in the events at Cuito Cuanavale?

    <p>They reinforced the FAPLA troops and helped push back the SADF forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Cuban intervention at Cuito Cuanavale?

    <p>The FAPLA forces, reinforced by the Cubans, were able to drive back the SADF.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nelson Mandela’s friend, fellow prisoner, and long-standing political colleague was Walter ______

    <p>Sisulu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    FW de Klerk opened parliament and made his famous speech on 2 February ______

    <p>1990</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The unbanning of the ANC and the SACP was perceived by some as a potential cause of increased ______ within the country

    <p>violence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    FW de Klerk's promise to release Nelson Mandela was initially met with suspicion by the ANC, who thought it might be a ______

    <p>trick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The events at Cuito Cuanavale marked a significant step towards ending the ______ between the two superpowers

    <p>hostilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    FW de Klerk opened parliament and made his famous speech on 2 February ______

    <p>1990</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The unbanning of the ANC and the SACP was perceived by some as a potential cause of increased ______ within the country

    <p>violence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nelson Mandela’s friend, fellow prisoner, and long-standing political colleague was Walter ______

    <p>Sisulu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ANC, PAC, and SACP and a number of other minor political groups were ______

    <p>unbanned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Prisoners serving sentences belonging to these groups would be ______ – this included Nelson Mandela

    <p>released</p> Signup and view all the answers

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