Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of an Event Listener in event handling?
Which of the following layout managers arranges components in a grid format?
Which component is used to create a single-line text input field in a Swing application?
In the Model-View-Controller pattern, what does the Controller primarily handle?
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What is a primary function of the addActionListener() method?
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Which JavaFX component represents the top-level container for a JavaFX application?
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What does the BorderLayout manager do in a Java application?
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The Observer Pattern is primarily used for what purpose?
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Study Notes
Event Handling
- Event: an occurrence that triggers a response from the program
- Event Source: the object that generates the event (e.g. button click)
- Event Listener: the object that responds to the event
- Event Handler: the method that handles the event
Types of events:
- ActionEvent: generated by button clicks, menu selections, etc.
- MouseEvent: generated by mouse clicks, movements, etc.
- KeyEvent: generated by keyboard input
- WindowEvent: generated by window-related actions (e.g. closing, resizing)
How to handle events:
- Implement the
EventListener
interface - Register the event listener with the event source using
addActionListener()
,addMouseListener()
, etc. - Define the event handler method (e.g.
actionPerformed()
)
Layout Management
- Layout Manager: responsible for arranging components in a container
- Layout Constraints: rules that govern how components are arranged
Common layout managers:
- BorderLayout: divides container into five regions (north, south, east, west, center)
- FlowLayout: arranges components in a row or column
- GridLayout: arranges components in a grid
- GridBagLayout: arranges components in a grid with flexible sizing
How to use layout managers:
- Create a layout manager instance
- Set the layout manager for a container using
setLayout()
- Add components to the container with specific layout constraints
Swing Components
- JComponent: base class for all Swing components
- JPanel: a generic container component
- JButton: a button component
- JLabel: a label component
- JTextField: a single-line text field component
Common Swing components:
- JFrame: a top-level window component
- JDialog: a dialog box component
- JMenu: a menu component
- JTable: a table component
- JTree: a tree component
GUI Design Patterns
-
Model-View-Controller (MVC): separates application logic into three interconnected components
- Model: represents the application data and business logic
- View: represents the GUI components and layout
- Controller: handles user input and updates the model and view
- Observer Pattern: allows objects to notify each other of changes
- Factory Pattern: provides a way to create objects without specifying their concrete classes
JavaFX Basics
- JavaFX: a Java library for building GUI applications
- Scene: the top-level container for a JavaFX application
- Stage: a window that contains a scene
- Node: a component in a scene graph (e.g. button, label, text field)
Common JavaFX components:
- Button: a button component
- Label: a label component
- TextField: a single-line text field component
- ListView: a list component
- ImageView: an image component
How to create a JavaFX application:
- Create a
Stage
instance - Create a
Scene
instance and set it to the stage - Add nodes to the scene graph using
getChildren().add()
- Show the stage using
show()
Event Handling
- An Event is an occurrence that triggers a response from the program.
- An Event Source is the object that generates the event, such as a button click.
- An Event Listener is the object that responds to the event.
- An Event Handler is the method that handles the event.
Event Types
- ActionEvent: generated by button clicks, menu selections, etc.
- MouseEvent: generated by mouse clicks, movements, etc.
- KeyEvent: generated by keyboard input.
- WindowEvent: generated by window-related actions, such as closing or resizing.
Handling Events
- Implement the EventListener interface.
- Register the event listener with the event source using methods like
addActionListener()
oraddMouseListener()
. - Define the event handler method, such as
actionPerformed()
.
Layout Management
- A Layout Manager is responsible for arranging components in a container.
- Layout Constraints are rules that govern how components are arranged.
Common Layout Managers
- BorderLayout: divides container into five regions (north, south, east, west, center).
- FlowLayout: arranges components in a row or column.
- GridLayout: arranges components in a grid.
- GridBagLayout: arranges components in a grid with flexible sizing.
Using Layout Managers
- Create a layout manager instance.
- Set the layout manager for a container using
setLayout()
. - Add components to the container with specific layout constraints.
Swing Components
- JComponent: the base class for all Swing components.
- JPanel: a generic container component.
- JButton: a button component.
- JLabel: a label component.
- JTextField: a single-line text field component.
Common Swing Components
- JFrame: a top-level window component.
- JDialog: a dialog box component.
- JMenu: a menu component.
- JTable: a table component.
- JTree: a tree component.
GUI Design Patterns
-
Model-View-Controller (MVC): separates application logic into three interconnected components.
- Model: represents the application data and business logic.
- View: represents the GUI components and layout.
- Controller: handles user input and updates the model and view.
- Observer Pattern: allows objects to notify each other of changes.
- Factory Pattern: provides a way to create objects without specifying their concrete classes.
JavaFX Basics
- JavaFX: a Java library for building GUI applications.
- Scene: the top-level container for a JavaFX application.
- Stage: a window that contains a scene.
- Node: a component in a scene graph, such as a button, label, or text field.
Common JavaFX Components
- Button: a button component.
- Label: a label component.
- TextField: a single-line text field component.
- ListView: a list component.
- ImageView: an image component.
Creating a JavaFX Application
- Create a Stage instance.
- Create a Scene instance and set it to the stage.
- Add nodes to the scene graph using
getChildren().add()
. - Show the stage using
show()
.
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Description
Understanding the concepts of event handling, including events, event sources, listeners, and handlers, as well as different types of events such as ActionEvent, MouseEvent, and KeyEvent.