Questions and Answers
What is the key difference between evaporation and distillation?
Evaporation involves boiling the mixture until the solvent is removed, while distillation involves boiling the mixture to separate components based on boiling point.
Why is it necessary to cool the boiled substance in distillation?
To allow the boiled substance to undergo condensation back to a liquid state.
What is the purpose of the heating side in a distillation apparatus?
To allow the mixture to reach its boiling point.
How does distillation help in separating components that have different boiling points?
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Why is it more challenging to separate two liquids in a homogeneous mixture compared to a heterogeneous mixture using distillation?
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Study Notes
Evaporation
- Evaporation involves heating a mixture until the liquid solvent boils and is completely removed, leaving behind the solid.
- This process requires an apparatus, as shown in Figure 3.
Distillation
- Distillation is a separation process used for homogeneous mixtures of two liquids that do not separate into layers based on density.
- The process involves boiling a mixture to separate its components based on boiling point.
- During distillation, a liquid changes from a liquid to a gas state when it boils, and then returns to a liquid state when cooled.
- A distillation apparatus consists of two main parts:
- A heating side to allow the mixture to boil.
- A cooling side to collect the boiled substance, allowing it to undergo condensation back to a liquid using a condenser, as shown in Figure 5.
