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Evaporation and Distillation Principles

Learn about the principles of evaporation and distillation, including types of evaporators, binary mixtures of liquids, and vapor-liquid equilibrium diagrams. Understand the application of Raoult’s Law and Henry’s Law in problem solving.

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Questions and Answers

What type of evaporator relies on the natural circulation of the product caused by density differences?

Natural Circulation Evaporator

Which type of evaporator is suitable for liquids prone to fouling, scaling, and crystallizing?

Forced Circulation Evaporator

In which evaporator is forced circulation required when hydrostatic head prevents boiling at the heating surface?

Forced Circulation Evaporator

Which evaporator type allows high liquor velocities through the tubes to minimize the buildup of deposits or crystals along the heating surface?

<p>Forced Circulation Evaporator</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which evaporator does liquid circulate at a high rate through the heat exchanger, with boiling being prevented within the unit by virtue of a hydrostatic head maintained above the top tube plate?

<p>Forced Circulation Evaporator</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of evaporation?

<p>To concentrate the solution of a non volatile solute by vaporizing a portion of volatile solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors affect the rate of evaporation?

<p>Temperature, surface area, and air circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does evaporation differ from drying?

<p>Evaporation is a surface phenomenon, while drying is a bulk phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of evaporator is used for a simple process?

<p>Natural circulation evaporator</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate equation for heat transfer in an evaporator?

<p>$Q = UA \Delta T$</p> Signup and view all the answers

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