Evaluation of Moisturizing Efficiency in Skin Creams
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Questions and Answers

What type of techniques are used to provide information on temperature-induced phase changes in the stratum corneum?

  • Thermal analytical techniques like DSC and TGA (correct)
  • Electrical conductivity measurements
  • Mechanical stress testing
  • Spectroscopic analysis techniques

What does SPF stand for in the context of sunscreen products?

  • Sunburn Prevention Formula
  • Skin Protection Factor
  • Sun Protection Factor (correct)
  • Stratum Protection Factor

In the context of in vivo assessment of skin hydration, which method involves introducing a stream of air or nitrogen of known relative humidity into a collection chamber attached to the skin surface?

  • Transpirometry measurement of Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL) (correct)
  • Colorimetry analysis
  • Dermatoscopy
  • Topographical examinations using SEM

What is the primary evaluation criterion for creams according to the provided text?

<p>Types of emulsion and texture consistency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique involves making a silicon rubber impression of the skin by melting polyethylene beads over the surface of the skin?

<p>Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a simple formula calculate in order to determine the SPF number of a sunscreen product?

<p>The level of protection against UVB rays (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used to assess the moisture content of the stratum corneum by establishing a relationship between relative humidity and water content?

<p>Gravimetric analytical method. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of in vitro testing or laboratory assessment for evaluating the moisturizing efficiency of skin creams?

<p>Investigating the mechanism of water binding in the stratum corneum and its interaction with environmental factors like temperature and humidity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of membrane is commonly used in the water diffusion rate cell or chamber to determine the occlusive potential of a skin cream?

<p>Neonatal rat stratum corneum or an artificial membrane. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of tensile property measurements in evaluating the moisturizing efficiency of skin creams?

<p>It involves measuring the tensile strength of the stratum corneum obtained from various sources, including excised samples. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used to study the viscoelastic behavior of skin, which can provide insights into its moisture content and the effects of moisturizers?

<p>Tensile property measurements of excised stratum corneum. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the influence of temperature and humidity on the epidermis?

<p>Investigators have attempted to define the mechanism of water binding in the stratum corneum and the influence of temperature and humidity on the epidermis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the SPF (Sun Protection Factor) value of a sunscreen product?

<p>To indicate the ratio between the time needed to achieve erythema on protected skin and the time needed to get it on unprotected skin. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three methods mentioned for evaluating sunscreen products?

<p>Removed Epidermis Transmittance Method (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the FDA, which product category designation corresponds to a sunscreen with an SPF value between 8 and 15?

<p>Maximal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of the Thin Film Transmittance Method over the Diluted Solution Transmittance Method (DSTM) for evaluating sunscreens?

<p>It involves applying a thin film of the sample to a quartz plate and analyzing the transmittance spectrum. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Removed Epidermis Transmittance Method for evaluating sunscreens?

<p>To show good correspondence between the measured protection and the SPF value. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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