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Questions and Answers
What is a primary function of pharyngeal arches during embryonic development?
What is a primary function of pharyngeal arches during embryonic development?
- Establishment of the embryonic body form (correct)
- Development of the circulatory system
- Formation of the digestive system
- Formation of the nervous system
Which of the following cell groups is NOT a derivative of mesoderm?
Which of the following cell groups is NOT a derivative of mesoderm?
- Paraxial
- Intermediate mesoderm
- Ectoderm (correct)
- Neural Crest Cells
What is a common outcome of pharyngeal apparatus malformations?
What is a common outcome of pharyngeal apparatus malformations?
- Congenital anomalies
- Neural tube defects
- Craniofacial abnormalities
- All of the above (correct)
During which stage of embryonic development do pharyngeal arches form?
During which stage of embryonic development do pharyngeal arches form?
What is the primary function of neural crest cells?
What is the primary function of neural crest cells?
Which of the following is a derivative of the pharyngeal pouches?
Which of the following is a derivative of the pharyngeal pouches?
What is the function of pharyngeal apparatus?
What is the function of pharyngeal apparatus?
What is the number of pharyngeal arches?
What is the number of pharyngeal arches?
What is the fate of the 5th pharyngeal arch?
What is the fate of the 5th pharyngeal arch?
What is the sequence of appearance of the pharyngeal arches?
What is the sequence of appearance of the pharyngeal arches?
What forms the core of the pharyngeal arches?
What forms the core of the pharyngeal arches?
What do the muscle components of the arches have?
What do the muscle components of the arches have?
What contributes to the formation of skeletal muscles of the face?
What contributes to the formation of skeletal muscles of the face?
What do the pharyngeal arches contain?
What do the pharyngeal arches contain?
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Study Notes
Pharyngeal Apparatus and Derivatives
- Pharyngeal apparatus consists of bilateral mesodermal outpouchings of mesoderm on the developing pharynx
- Gives rise to arteries, muscles, cartilage, and bone of the face and neck
Pharyngeal Arches
- 6 in number, but only 5 give rise to permanent structures
- Appear in a cranial-to-caudal sequence
- Each arch has a core of mesenchyme, ectodermal covering, and endodermal lining
- Mesoderm forms face and neck musculature
- Each arch is characterized by its own muscular components
- Muscle components of arches have their own nerve and arterial components
Pharyngeal Clefts and Pouches
- Pharyngeal clefts are ectodermal
- Pharyngeal pouches are endodermal
Development of Pharyngeal Apparatus
- Pharyngeal arches are formed from the mesodermal outpouchings
- Emigrant neural crest cells contribute to the formation of skeletal muscles of the face
- Contain cartilages
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