Europe's Industrial Revolution and Imperial Expansion
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Questions and Answers

What was one of the main factors driving Europe's nineteenth-century imperial expansion?

  • The desire to explore new cultures and traditions
  • The need to increase population in Europe
  • The need for new economic solutions at home
  • The massive fact of the Industrial Revolution (correct)
  • Which raw material was NOT mentioned as being in demand by Europe due to the Industrial Revolution?

  • Rubber from the Congo
  • Tea from China (correct)
  • Cotton from India
  • Wool from New Zealand
  • Why did Europe need to export its products abroad during the nineteenth century?

  • To encourage cultural exchange through trade
  • To establish diplomatic relationships with other countries
  • To reduce the surplus of goods created by its factories (correct)
  • To decrease its reliance on domestic consumption
  • What was one of the reasons behind European and American interest in China during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?

    <p>The potential market provided by China's large population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term was used to describe the economic influence of wealthy European nations in the second half of the twentieth century?

    <p>Economic imperialism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Cecil Rhodes, what was the stated benefit of imperialism for the people of the United Kingdom?

    <p>Avoiding civil war</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor contributed to the popularity of imperialism in Europe during the last quarter of the nineteenth century?

    <p>Mass nationalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did acquiring overseas colonies become a symbol of 'Great Power' status for nations in Europe?

    <p>It was politically and strategically necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the effects of the unification of Italy and Germany according to the text?

    <p>Intensified competitive international relations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did imperialism appeal to almost everyone in Europe, especially in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?

    <p>Economic and social grounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technological advancement allowed Europeans to have almost instant communication with far-flung outposts of empire?

    <p>Underwater telegraph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the discovery of quinine impact European presence in the tropics?

    <p>Reduced European death rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor significantly widened the military gap between Europeans and other groups during this period?

    <p>Breech-loading rifles and machine guns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Europeans' self-perception change in the nineteenth century due to industrialization?

    <p>They developed a secular arrogance tied to industrial achievements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the view of Chinese people in the nineteenth century as described in the text?

    <p>Weak, cunning, and obstinately conservative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How were African societies portrayed in the eyes of Europeans during the nineteenth century?

    <p>As tribes led by chiefs to emphasize their 'primitive' qualities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the perception of peoples in Pacific Oceania as compared to Europeans?

    <p>Closer to nature and 'big children'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Europeans justify conquest according to the text?

    <p>By claiming that conquered people were doing little to improve themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What scientific approach did Europeans increasingly use to support their racial preferences in the nineteenth century?

    <p>Phrenology and craniology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Robert Knox, what role did race play in determining human intelligence and civilization?

    <p>'Race is everything,' determining intelligence, moral development, and destiny.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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