Europe's Industrial Revolution and Imperial Expansion

What was one of the main factors driving Europe's nineteenth-century imperial expansion?

The massive fact of the Industrial Revolution

Which raw material was NOT mentioned as being in demand by Europe due to the Industrial Revolution?

Tea from China

Why did Europe need to export its products abroad during the nineteenth century?

To reduce the surplus of goods created by its factories

What was one of the reasons behind European and American interest in China during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?

The potential market provided by China's large population Signup and view all the answers

What term was used to describe the economic influence of wealthy European nations in the second half of the twentieth century?

Economic imperialism Signup and view all the answers

According to Cecil Rhodes, what was the stated benefit of imperialism for the people of the United Kingdom?

Avoiding civil war Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributed to the popularity of imperialism in Europe during the last quarter of the nineteenth century?

Mass nationalism Signup and view all the answers

Why did acquiring overseas colonies become a symbol of 'Great Power' status for nations in Europe?

It was politically and strategically necessary Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the effects of the unification of Italy and Germany according to the text?

Intensified competitive international relations Signup and view all the answers

Why did imperialism appeal to almost everyone in Europe, especially in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?

Economic and social grounds Signup and view all the answers

What technological advancement allowed Europeans to have almost instant communication with far-flung outposts of empire?

Underwater telegraph Signup and view all the answers

How did the discovery of quinine impact European presence in the tropics?

Reduced European death rates Signup and view all the answers

What factor significantly widened the military gap between Europeans and other groups during this period?

Breech-loading rifles and machine guns Signup and view all the answers

How did Europeans' self-perception change in the nineteenth century due to industrialization?

They developed a secular arrogance tied to industrial achievements Signup and view all the answers

What was the view of Chinese people in the nineteenth century as described in the text?

Weak, cunning, and obstinately conservative. Signup and view all the answers

How were African societies portrayed in the eyes of Europeans during the nineteenth century?

As tribes led by chiefs to emphasize their 'primitive' qualities. Signup and view all the answers

What was the perception of peoples in Pacific Oceania as compared to Europeans?

Closer to nature and 'big children'. Signup and view all the answers

How did Europeans justify conquest according to the text?

By claiming that conquered people were doing little to improve themselves. Signup and view all the answers

What scientific approach did Europeans increasingly use to support their racial preferences in the nineteenth century?

Phrenology and craniology. Signup and view all the answers

According to Robert Knox, what role did race play in determining human intelligence and civilization?

'Race is everything,' determining intelligence, moral development, and destiny. Signup and view all the answers