European History Highlights

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What was the highest rise and flourishing period of Hungarian feudal society?

14th century

Which city was Christopher Columbus born in?

Genoa

What kind of king was Akhshunwar, according to Firdousi?

Hephthalite

What was the Frankish state divided between after the death of Clovis?

his sons Signup and view all the answers

What was Al-Andalus famous for?

science and culture Signup and view all the answers

What was the percentage of the income from newly discovered possessions that Columbus had the right to receive?

10% Signup and view all the answers

Why was an iron mask sometimes worn?

to protect the face, but to intimidate the enemy Signup and view all the answers

What happened to countries in Europe as a result of exploration?

They became very wealthy. Signup and view all the answers

What began between the Mongols and the Russian principalities at the end of 1235?

Regular hostilities. Signup and view all the answers

What does Bushido consist of?

a code of honor Signup and view all the answers

By the beginning of the XI century, what held the full power in Italian cities?

Merchant guilds Signup and view all the answers

What did the city communes turn into by the end of the XII century?

Independent city republics Signup and view all the answers

What led to Charles Martell going down in history?

His victory over the Muslims at the Battle of Tours in 732 Signup and view all the answers

What did Christopher Columbus mistake Cuba for?

one of the islands off the coast of Asia. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Church of St. Sophia turned into?

a mosque Signup and view all the answers

Where did Columbus believe he could reach by sailing west from Spain?

Asia Signup and view all the answers

What was the state of Japan's central government during the Heian period?

relatively weak Signup and view all the answers

During the reign of Emperor Basil II what happened to the territory of Byzantium?

It reached its greatest extent. Signup and view all the answers

Which islands did Columbus discover during his first voyage (1492-1493)? (Select all that apply)

Cuba Signup and view all the answers

What did a Feudal Lord own and control?

Land and the people living on it. Signup and view all the answers

What did France break up into from the XIth to the XIIth centuries?

feudal principalities Signup and view all the answers

Who did Genghis Khan recognize as the ruler of the Eastern Muslim world?

Khorezmshah Signup and view all the answers

Genghis Khan recognized Khwarazmshah on an equal footing with himself.

True Signup and view all the answers

What period includes the late 15th and early 16th centuries?

High Renaissance Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of one of the seven Magyar tribes according to historians?

Hungary Signup and view all the answers

How many centuries did the Reconquista last?

8 Signup and view all the answers

How many legions were defeated during the Battle of Teutoburg?

Three Signup and view all the answers

How many people formed the Grand Council of Italy?

Several hundred Signup and view all the answers

How many royal districts did Stephen I create?

Ten Signup and view all the answers

To what family of languages do Hungarians belong?

Finno-Ugric Signup and view all the answers

What took the capital of the Jin Empire in 1234?

The joint efforts of Mongols and Jurchen tribes. Signup and view all the answers

What broke out in Bukhara in 1238?

An uprising of artisans and peasants Signup and view all the answers

What did the Mongols capture a significant part of in 1275?

Vietnam Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the uprising that began in China in 1351?

The Red Turban Rebellion Signup and view all the answers

Who captured the Yuan capital Beijing in 1368, proclaiming himself emperor of the new Ming Dynasty?

Zhu Yuanzhang Signup and view all the answers

Who attacked Moscow in 1382, forcing the Russians to pay tribute?

Tokhtamysh Signup and view all the answers

Who invaded Transoxiana and captured Samarkand in 1499?

Shaybani Signup and view all the answers

Who landed on the coast of Brazil in 1500 and declared this territory the possession of the Portuguese?

Pedro Alvarish Cabral Signup and view all the answers

Who reached the Philippines in 1521?

Magellan Signup and view all the answers

Who defeated the Ostrogothic Union in 375?

The Huns Signup and view all the answers

What did the Visigothic king Alaric take, plunder, and then move to after a long siege in 410?

Rome, plundered it, and then moved to Southern Gaul Signup and view all the answers

Who did Pepin conquer Septimania from in 759?

The Muslims Signup and view all the answers

What was created in Italy to monitor the activities of the Signoria?

A small council Signup and view all the answers

Who carried out control over the counties of Italy?

The Signoria Signup and view all the answers

Who did the executive power, including court and command of city troops, belong to in Italy?

The Signoria Signup and view all the answers

What did Papal power increasingly depend on during the decades of the XI century?

The will of the German emperors Signup and view all the answers

How did the nobility meet in the Frankish Kingdom?

Irregularly Signup and view all the answers

In the Kingdom of Hungary, how was the throne often inherited after the king's death?

The throne was inherited by his eldest son Signup and view all the answers

How did demographic growth in Italian cities accelerate in the XI century?

By the beginning of the XIII century, the population in many of them increased from an average of 10,000 to 50,000 people. Signup and view all the answers

What did many large cities enter into in the XI century?

A period of rapid economic growth. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main arena of the struggle between the papacy and the Holy Roman Empire during the XI-XIII centuries?

Italy Signup and view all the answers

How many major campaigns did Suleyman I lead his army on?

Thirteen Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

14th Century Hungary

14th-century Hungarian feudal society flourished greatly.

Christopher Columbus

Born in Genoa, Italy, to a weaver.
Skilled sailor, pilot, and captain.
Well-versed in astronomy and geography.
Received viceroy status of newly discovered lands, receiving 10% of income.

Frankish State Division

After Clovis's death, the Frankish state was divided among his sons.

Al-Andalus

Known for its rich scientific and cultural heritage.

Spanish Kings and Columbus

Agreed to an agreement appointing Columbus as viceroy.

Iron Mask

Worn for protection, but also to intimidate.

European Wealth

Exploration led to increased wealth in European countries.

Mongol-Russian Conflicts

Hostilities arose between Mongols and Russian principalities.

Bushido

A code of honor for the Japanese samurai.

Italian City Power

Merchant guilds held power in Italian cities by the 11th century.

City Communes

By the 12th century, city communes transitioned to independent city-republics.

Battle of Tours

Charles Martel's victory over Muslims in 732.

Columbus's Mistake

Christopher Columbus believed Cuba was an island off the coast of Asia.

St. Sophia Mosque Conversion

St. Sophia Church was transformed into a mosque.

Columbus's Sailing Route

Columbus believed a westward sailing route to Asia was possible.

Japan's Central Government

During the Heian period, Japan's central government had a limited reach.

Byzantine Empire's Extent

During Emperor Basil II's reign, the Byzantine Empire reached its maximum territorial extent.

Columbus's Voyages (1492-1493)

Discovered Bahamas, Cuba, and Hispaniola.

Feudal Lords

Nobility who owned and controlled land and its inhabitants.

France's Division

France divided into feudal principalities during the 11th and 12th centuries.

Genghis Khan and Khorezmshah

Genghis Khan recognized Khorezmshah as an equal.

Genghis Khan and Khwarazmshah

Khwarazmshah treated equally by Genghis Khan.

High Renaissance Period

Spanning the late 15th and early 16th centuries.

Magyar Tribes

Hungary was one of the seven Magyar tribes.

Reconquista Duration

Reconquista lasted 8 centuries.

Battle of Teutoburg Defeats

Three legions were defeated.

Grand Council of Italy's Size

Several hundred people formed the Grand Council of Italy.

Royal Districts under Stephen I

Ten royal districts were created during Stephen I's reign in Hungary.

Hungarian Language Family

Hungarians belong to the Finno-Ugric language family.

Jin Empire Fall

Mongols and Jurchen tribes joined forces to conquer the Jin Empire in 1234.

Bukhara Uprising

Peasants and artisans rebelled in Bukhara in 1238 under Burunduk.

Mongol Conquest of Vietnam

Mongols captured significant parts of Vietnam in 1275.

Red Turban Rebellion

An uprising in 1351 in China.

Zhu Yuanzhang's Claim

Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, claiming the title of emperor.

Tokhtamysh's Attack

Tokhtamysh attacked Moscow, demanding tribute from the Russians.

Shaybani's Conquest

Shaybani captured Samarkand in 1499.

Cabral's Discovery

Pedro Alvarez Cabral declared Brazil a Portuguese territory.

Magellan's Achievement

Magellan reached the Philippines in 1521.

Ostrogothic Union

The Ostrogothic Union was defeated by Huns in 375.

Alaric's Siege of Rome

Alaric's Visigothic troops sieged and plundered Rome in 410.

Pepin's Conquest

Pepin conquered Septimania from the Muslims in 759.

Signoria's Responsibilities

The Signoria controlled the executive, judicial, and military functions in Italian city-states.

Papal Dependence

During the 11th century, the Papal power depended increasingly on German emperors.

Frankish Nobility Meetings

Nobility meetings in the Frankish kingdom were not held regularly.

Hungarian Succession

The throne in Hungary was inherited by the eldest son after the death of the king.

Demographic Growth in Italian Cities

During the 11th century, population in Italian cities grew dramatically.

Rapid Economic Growth

Many Italian cities experienced rapid economic growth in the 11th century.

Papal-Holy Roman Conflict

Between 11th and 13th centuries, Italy was a battlefield of struggle between the Popes and the Holy Roman Emperors about authority.

Suleyman I's Campaigns

Suleyman I led his armies in 13 major campaigns.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore key topics in European history, including the flourishing of 14th-century Hungary, the impact of Columbus's voyages, and the power dynamics of the Italian city-states. Delve into the Mongol-Russian conflicts and the cultural richness of Al-Andalus. This quiz covers significant milestones that shaped Europe.