European Exploration and Natives Treatment

Questions and Answers

What were the three main reasons for European exploration?

Wealth

Glory

God

All of the above (correct)

Who advocated for better treatment of Natives during the 16th century?

Bartolome de La Casas

Juan de Sepulveda argued that the harsh treatment of Natives was justified.

True

Which of the following was a consequence of the Pueblo Revolt in 1680?

Pueblo Indians regained control for over 10 years Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Mestizo = Mixed Spanish and Native ancestry Mulatto = Mixed Spanish and African ancestry Encomienda System = Spanish labor system allowing landowners to exploit indigenous labor Pueblo Revolt = Indigenous uprising against Spanish rule in New Mexico Signup and view all the answers

The emergence of a caste system during Spanish colonization led to the classification of individuals as __________.

Mestizo or Mulatto Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

European Exploration

Motivations for exploration included seeking wealth, power, and status, along with the desire to spread Christianity.
The three key motivations are referred to as the 3 G's: Gold, Glory, and God.
Technological advancements played a significant role in exploration:
- Enhanced map-making techniques improved navigation.
- Innovations in ship-building contributed to longer sea voyages.
- The compass provided better directional guidance at sea.

Spanish Colonization

Spanish colonial societies aimed for strict control over their colonies and prioritized converting Native populations to Christianity.
The demographic makeup of settlers primarily consisted of men, resulting in racially mixed communities with Indigenous peoples.
The caste system emerged, categorizing individuals based on ancestry:
- Mestizo: Individuals of mixed Spanish and Indigenous ancestry.
- Mulatto: Individuals of mixed Spanish and African ancestry.

Debates over Treatment of Natives

In the 16th century, two figures presented contrasting viewpoints regarding the treatment of Native Americans:
- Juan de Sepulveda argued that harsh treatment of Natives was justified, supporting Spanish colonial policies.
- Bartolome de La Casas championed the humane treatment of Natives, advocating for their rights and contributing to the decline of the Encomienda System, which exploited Indigenous labor.

Pueblo Revolt

The Pueblo Revolt occurred in 1680 when Pueblo Indians in New Mexico successfully expelled Spanish colonizers for over a decade.
Following their return to power, the Spanish adopted a more accommodating approach to Native cultures, reflecting a shift in colonial policy.

Description

This quiz explores the main reasons behind European exploration and the treatment of Native populations during the 16th century. It discusses figures such as Juan de Sepulveda and the consequences of the Pueblo Revolt in 1680. Additionally, it covers the emergence of caste systems in Spanish colonization.