Eukaryotic Gene Transcription and Processing
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Eukaryotic Gene Transcription and Processing

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of capping during transcription initiation?

  • To prevent exonuclease degradation
  • To facilitate splicing of the RNA molecule
  • To synthesize poly(A) tails
  • To enhance the stability of the RNA molecule (correct)
  • What is the primary function of proteins binding to DNA during transcription initiation?

  • To recognize specific sequences of 6-8 base pairs (correct)
  • To unwind the double helix structure
  • To provide a platform for RNA polymerase II
  • To synthesize the RNA molecule
  • What is the role of RNA polymerase II during transcription?

  • To unwind the double helix structure
  • To synthesize the RNA molecule (correct)
  • To recognize specific sequences of DNA
  • To degrade the RNA molecule
  • How do proteins recognize specific DNA sequences?

    <p>Through hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic, or electrostatic interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of 3' end processing during transcription?

    <p>To add a poly(A) tail to the RNA molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of transcription initiation?

    <p>The recruitment of RNA polymerase II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) in the assembly of the Pre-Initiation Complex (PIC)?

    <p>To unwind DNA and bring different elements of the promoter together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of TFIID in the assembly of the Pre-Initiation Complex (PIC)?

    <p>To deliver TBP to DNA and facilitate PIC assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of TFIIA in the assembly of the Pre-Initiation Complex (PIC)?

    <p>To displace Taf1 and allow TBP to bind DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of Taf1 binding to DNA?

    <p>TBP is inhibited from binding to DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distance between TBP and TFIID during PIC assembly?

    <p>32 bp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of INR and DPE in the assembly of the Pre-Initiation Complex (PIC)?

    <p>To bind TFIID and deliver TBP to DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Phospho-CTD in transcription and processing of Eukaryotic genes?

    <p>To act as a sorting-tool and landing pad for RNA polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the enzyme guanylyltransferase in RNA capping?

    <p>To add a guanosine cap to the 5' end of the RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of removing introns from the RNA transcript?

    <p>The formation of a mature RNA molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the RNA triphosphatase enzyme?

    <p>To remove a triphosphate group from the 5' end of the RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the CTD in transcription and processing of Eukaryotic genes?

    <p>To act as a platform for the recruitment of RNA processing factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the enzymes involved in RNA capping?

    <p>To add a guanosine cap to the 5' end of the RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of TBP binding to the DNA?

    <p>To recruit polymerase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of torsional strain introduced by TBP, TFIIE, and IIB?

    <p>To help XPB from TFIIH to unwind DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of TFIIA and TBP?

    <p>They are modular and can be positioned by more than one factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between transcription on naked DNA and chromatin context?

    <p>More TFs are required for transcription in chromatin context</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of XPB from TFIIH?

    <p>To unwind DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of genes that lack a TATA box?

    <p>86%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the exonuclease in the transcription and processing of eukaryotic genes?

    <p>To eat the RNA and help polymerase get off the template</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sequence is typically found at the end of a human gene?

    <p>AAUAAA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the distal poly(A) signal?

    <p>To carry the UGUA sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the CPA-complex in yeast and humans?

    <p>High conservation of the complex structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the poly(A) signal?

    <p>To recognize and cleave the RNA transcript</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the poly(A) signal sequence in mammalian genes?

    <p>It is highly conserved across mammalian genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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