Eukaryotic Gene Transcription and Processing

What is the purpose of capping during transcription initiation?

To prevent exonuclease degradation
To facilitate splicing of the RNA molecule
To synthesize poly(A) tails
To enhance the stability of the RNA molecule (correct)

What is the primary function of proteins binding to DNA during transcription initiation?

To recognize specific sequences of 6-8 base pairs (correct)
To unwind the double helix structure
To provide a platform for RNA polymerase II
To synthesize the RNA molecule

What is the role of RNA polymerase II during transcription?

To unwind the double helix structure
To synthesize the RNA molecule (correct)
To recognize specific sequences of DNA
To degrade the RNA molecule

How do proteins recognize specific DNA sequences?

Through hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic, or electrostatic interactions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 3' end processing during transcription?

To add a poly(A) tail to the RNA molecule (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of transcription initiation?

The recruitment of RNA polymerase II (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) in the assembly of the Pre-Initiation Complex (PIC)?

To unwind DNA and bring different elements of the promoter together (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of TFIID in the assembly of the Pre-Initiation Complex (PIC)?

To deliver TBP to DNA and facilitate PIC assembly (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of TFIIA in the assembly of the Pre-Initiation Complex (PIC)?

To displace Taf1 and allow TBP to bind DNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of Taf1 binding to DNA?

TBP is inhibited from binding to DNA (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distance between TBP and TFIID during PIC assembly?

32 bp (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of INR and DPE in the assembly of the Pre-Initiation Complex (PIC)?

To bind TFIID and deliver TBP to DNA (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Phospho-CTD in transcription and processing of Eukaryotic genes?

To act as a sorting-tool and landing pad for RNA polymerase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the enzyme guanylyltransferase in RNA capping?

To add a guanosine cap to the 5' end of the RNA (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of removing introns from the RNA transcript?

The formation of a mature RNA molecule (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the RNA triphosphatase enzyme?

To remove a triphosphate group from the 5' end of the RNA (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the CTD in transcription and processing of Eukaryotic genes?

To act as a platform for the recruitment of RNA processing factors (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the enzymes involved in RNA capping?

To add a guanosine cap to the 5' end of the RNA (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of TBP binding to the DNA?

To recruit polymerase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of torsional strain introduced by TBP, TFIIE, and IIB?

To help XPB from TFIIH to unwind DNA (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of TFIIA and TBP?

They are modular and can be positioned by more than one factor (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between transcription on naked DNA and chromatin context?

More TFs are required for transcription in chromatin context (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of XPB from TFIIH?

To unwind DNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of genes that lack a TATA box?

86% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the exonuclease in the transcription and processing of eukaryotic genes?

To eat the RNA and help polymerase get off the template (B) Signup and view all the answers

What sequence is typically found at the end of a human gene?

AAUAAA (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the distal poly(A) signal?

To carry the UGUA sequence (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the CPA-complex in yeast and humans?

High conservation of the complex structure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the poly(A) signal?

To recognize and cleave the RNA transcript (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the poly(A) signal sequence in mammalian genes?

It is highly conserved across mammalian genes (A) Signup and view all the answers