Eukaryotic Gene Expression Regulation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What determines the cellular concentration of a protein in eukaryotes?

  • Synthesis of the primary RNA transcript (transcription) (correct)
  • Posttranslational modification of proteins
  • Protein targeting and transport
  • mRNA degradation
  • Which process is important for normal development and differentiation in eukaryotes?

  • Posttranscriptional modification of mRNA
  • Protein synthesis (translation)
  • Chromatin remodeling (correct)
  • Protein degradation
  • What is the role of epigenetic modifications in eukaryotes?

  • They alter chromatin structure (correct)
  • They alter DNA accessibility
  • They enhance posttranscriptional modification of mRNA
  • They increase protein degradation
  • Which factor provides a barrier against the ready association of transcription factors with specific DNA regions in eukaryotes?

    <p>Presence of nucleosomes complexes of histones and DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can contribute to or be the result of environmental alterations of phenotype in eukaryotes?

    <p>Epigenetic modifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which modification reduces the positive charge of histone tails and decreases the binding affinity of histones for DNA?

    <p>Histone acetylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific effect of histone deacetylation?

    <p>Increases the binding affinity of histones for DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of regulatory sequence influences gene expression only on the same chromosome?

    <p>Cis-acting regulatory elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of trans-acting molecules in gene regulation?

    <p>They facilitate transcription initiation complex formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the evidence that methylation of deoxycytidine residues in DNA may cause changes in chromatin?

    <p>Methylation in DNA can inhibit active transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about histone acetylation and deacetylation?

    <p>Histone acetylation occurs on lysine residues in the amino terminal tails of histone molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific effect of histone methylation?

    <p>It inhibits the active transcription of genes in mouse liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which regulatory sequences influence gene expression only on the same chromosome?

    <p>Cis-acting regulatory elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of trans-acting molecules in gene regulation?

    <p>They diffuse through the cell from their site of synthesis to their DNA-binding site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can contribute to or be the result of environmental alterations of phenotype in eukaryotes?

    <p>Acute demethylation of deoxycytidine residues in a specific region of a gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is responsible for altering chromatin structure in eukaryotes?

    <p>DNA methylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nucleosomes in gene regulation in eukaryotes?

    <p>They provide a barrier against the association of transcription factors with specific DNA regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the differential expression of a gene in different tissues in eukaryotes?

    <p>Chromatin remodeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is important for normal development and differentiation in eukaryotes?

    <p>Epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation and histone modification)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be modified by exogenous influences and can contribute to or be the result of environmental alterations of phenotype in eukaryotes?

    <p>Epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation and histone modification)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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