Eukaryotic Gene Expression Regulation Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What determines the cellular concentration of a protein in eukaryotes?

  • Synthesis of the primary RNA transcript (transcription) (correct)
  • Posttranslational modification of proteins
  • Protein targeting and transport
  • mRNA degradation

Which process is important for normal development and differentiation in eukaryotes?

  • Posttranscriptional modification of mRNA
  • Protein synthesis (translation)
  • Chromatin remodeling (correct)
  • Protein degradation

What is the role of epigenetic modifications in eukaryotes?

  • They alter chromatin structure (correct)
  • They alter DNA accessibility
  • They enhance posttranscriptional modification of mRNA
  • They increase protein degradation

Which factor provides a barrier against the ready association of transcription factors with specific DNA regions in eukaryotes?

<p>Presence of nucleosomes complexes of histones and DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can contribute to or be the result of environmental alterations of phenotype in eukaryotes?

<p>Epigenetic modifications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which modification reduces the positive charge of histone tails and decreases the binding affinity of histones for DNA?

<p>Histone acetylation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific effect of histone deacetylation?

<p>Increases the binding affinity of histones for DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of regulatory sequence influences gene expression only on the same chromosome?

<p>Cis-acting regulatory elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of trans-acting molecules in gene regulation?

<p>They facilitate transcription initiation complex formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the evidence that methylation of deoxycytidine residues in DNA may cause changes in chromatin?

<p>Methylation in DNA can inhibit active transcription (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about histone acetylation and deacetylation?

<p>Histone acetylation occurs on lysine residues in the amino terminal tails of histone molecules. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific effect of histone methylation?

<p>It inhibits the active transcription of genes in mouse liver. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which regulatory sequences influence gene expression only on the same chromosome?

<p>Cis-acting regulatory elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of trans-acting molecules in gene regulation?

<p>They diffuse through the cell from their site of synthesis to their DNA-binding site. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can contribute to or be the result of environmental alterations of phenotype in eukaryotes?

<p>Acute demethylation of deoxycytidine residues in a specific region of a gene (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is responsible for altering chromatin structure in eukaryotes?

<p>DNA methylation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nucleosomes in gene regulation in eukaryotes?

<p>They provide a barrier against the association of transcription factors with specific DNA regions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the differential expression of a gene in different tissues in eukaryotes?

<p>Chromatin remodeling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is important for normal development and differentiation in eukaryotes?

<p>Epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation and histone modification) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be modified by exogenous influences and can contribute to or be the result of environmental alterations of phenotype in eukaryotes?

<p>Epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation and histone modification) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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