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Eukaryotic Cell Structure and Function

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Questions and Answers

What is the significance of the word 'eukaryotic'?

It indicates the presence of a membrane-bound nucleus. (correct)
It refers to the large size of the cells.
It describes the specialized functions of organelles.
It signifies the transport between cell compartments.

What is the function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Regulating cellular processes smoothly
Transporting materials between cell compartments
Providing energy through chemical reactions (correct)
Synthesizing genetic material

What characterizes the endomembrane system in eukaryotic cells?

It synthesizes energy through chemical reactions.
It refers to the entirety of the membrane-enclosed cell compartments. (correct)
It contains the majority of genetic material.
It ensures cellular processes function smoothly over longer distances within the cell.

What are lysosomes primarily responsible for in eukaryotic cells?

Digesting excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the cytoskeleton is responsible for giving the cell shape and helping to move organelles around the cytoplasm?

Microfilaments (B) Signup and view all the answers

In eukaryotes, what is the function of cell walls?

Trap cells outside the cytoplasmic membrane and determine their shape (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

Process and bundle macromolecules like proteins and lipids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the Golgi apparatus and the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

The Golgi works closely with the RER and processes proteins as they are synthesized (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle was discovered by the Italian physician Camillo Golgi?

Golgi apparatus (C) Signup and view all the answers

How are the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) distinguished from each other?

By the presence of ribosomes on the rough ER and absence on the smooth ER (C) Signup and view all the answers