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Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of membrane proteins with receptor function in a eukaryotic cell?
What is the primary role of membrane proteins with receptor function in a eukaryotic cell?
- To recognize and bind to hormones or other signaling molecules. (correct)
- To catalyze biochemical reactions within the cell membrane.
- To provide structural support and mechanical strength to the cell membrane.
- To transport ions and molecules across the cell membrane.
Which characteristic is NOT a typical function of the glycocalyx in animal cells?
Which characteristic is NOT a typical function of the glycocalyx in animal cells?
- Cellular recognition.
- Cellular agglutination.
- Cellular adhesion.
- Providing a rigid structure for the cell. (correct)
In a plant cell, what is the immediate effect of water entering the cytoplasm and creating turgor pressure?
In a plant cell, what is the immediate effect of water entering the cytoplasm and creating turgor pressure?
- The cytoplasm shrinks away from the cell wall.
- The cell wall degrades, causing the cell to shrink.
- The cell membrane provides support to the cell.
- The cell stiffens and the tissue maintains a rigid state. (correct)
How does the structure of a eukaryotic cell's plasma membrane contribute to its selective permeability?
How does the structure of a eukaryotic cell's plasma membrane contribute to its selective permeability?
What is the primary difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion across the cell membrane?
What is the primary difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion across the cell membrane?
Which of the following best describes the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?
Which of the following best describes the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?
What determines whether a solution is isotonic for a human cell?
What determines whether a solution is isotonic for a human cell?
How do plant cells prevent lysis in a hypotonic environment?
How do plant cells prevent lysis in a hypotonic environment?
What is the primary function of cholesterol within the cell membranes of animal cells?
What is the primary function of cholesterol within the cell membranes of animal cells?
What primarily facilitates the movement of water across the phospholipid bilayer?
What primarily facilitates the movement of water across the phospholipid bilayer?
Flashcards
Cytosol Definition
Cytosol Definition
Watery matrix containing organelles and inclusions within a cell.
Vacuole
Vacuole
Membrane-bound sacs in plant and fungal cells filled with cell sap.
Cell Membrane
Cell Membrane
Selective barrier controlling substance passage in/out of the cell.
Phospholipid Bilayer
Phospholipid Bilayer
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Passive Transport
Passive Transport
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Active Transport
Active Transport
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Receptors
Receptors
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Isotonic Solution
Isotonic Solution
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Glycocalyx
Glycocalyx
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Cell Wall
Cell Wall
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Study Notes
- Eukaryotic cells are the subject
cytoplasm
- The cytoplasm fills the interior of the cell
- It consists of cytosol, membrane bound and non-membrane bound organelles, and inclusions
- Similar to prokaryotic cells, the cytosol is an aqueous solution of inorganic and organic compounds such as mineral salts, low molecular weight organic compounds, and enzymes
- Dissolved macromolecules are large, so the cytosol is a colloidal solution
- Various reactions catalyzed by dissolved enzymes occur in the cytosol
- Most organelles are membrane bound, separated from the cytosol by a single or double membrane
- single membrane organelles: endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes
- double membrane organelles: mitochondria and chloroplasts
- Membrane organelles provide additional internal surface area and allow multiple processes to occur simultaneously without interfering with each other
- Different functions of the eukaryotic cell are distributed among its different organelles
- Each organelle has a structure and conditions suitable for carrying out these cell processes
- Eukaryotic cells also have non-membrane organelles without their own membrane, such as ribosomes, cytoskeleton, and cytocenter
- The cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell may also contain clusters of substances or inclusions
- examples: starch or glycogen granules, fat droplets, etc
- Plant and fungal cells have a vacuole which is a large vesicle enclosed by a single membrane and filled with cell sap
- contains water, end products of metabolism, and pigments
- considered an inclusion rather than an organelle because of its inertness
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