30 Questions
Which lipid molecule makes up about 75% of the membrane lipids?
Phospholipids
What is the classification of membrane proteins based on their embedding in the lipid bilayer?
Integral or peripheral
What is the predominant type of membrane protein that spans the entire lipid bilayer?
Transmembrane proteins
Which type of membrane proteins are not as firmly embedded in the membrane?
Peripheral proteins
What do some integral proteins function as, forming pores that allow specific ions to flow through?
Ion channels
What do carriers, also known as transporters, selectively move across the membrane?
Polar substances
Which organelle is responsible for catalyzing glycolysis within the cytosol?
Endoplasmic reticulum
What is the primary function of microfilaments in the cytoskeleton?
Cell movement
Which component is NOT typically found in the cytosol of a cell?
Nucleic acids
What is the approximate percentage of water in the cytosol?
75%
In terms of diameter, which cytoskeletal element is the thinnest?
Microfilaments
Which organelle is NOT directly involved in protein synthesis?
Mitochondria
Which part of the cell is responsible for forming the cell's flexible outer surface?
Plasma membrane
In the analogy presented, what does an organ correspond to?
A paragraph
What is the main function of the digestive system?
Breaking down and absorbing food
Which type of tissue is responsible for communication and coordination in the body?
Nervous tissue
What does a system in the human body consist of?
Organs with common functions
What is the structural framework of the plasma membrane called?
Lipid bilayer
What is the main function of the Golgi complex?
Forming secretory vesicles for exocytosis
How are the cisternae of the Golgi complex described?
As flattened membranous sacs with bulging edges
What is the role of mitochondria in apoptosis?
They release chemicals like cytochrome c during cell death
Which organelle is often referred to as the 'powerhouse' of the cell?
Mitochondria
How do mitochondria respond to stimuli like DNA damage or growth factor deprivation?
By releasing chemicals like cytochrome c into the cytosol
What is the primary function of the transport vesicles formed by the Golgi complex?
Carrying molecules to other organelles like lysosomes
What initiates the cascade of activation of protein-digesting enzymes that bring about apoptosis in the cytosol?
Cytochrome c
What is the function of the nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope?
Control movement of substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm
Which structure is continuous with the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope?
Rough ER
How do small molecules and ions move through the nuclear pores?
Passively by diffusion
Which type of cells have multiple nuclei?
Skeletal muscle cells
What structure separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm?
Nuclear envelope
Test your knowledge on the different types of organelles in a cell and the characteristics of cytosol, the intracellular fluid. Learn about the functions and shapes of organelles like ribosomes, mitochondria, and lysosomes.
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