8 Questions
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membranous organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.
What is the function of the cytoplasm in a living organism?
To perform all vital events and functions
What is the characteristic of the DNA in prokaryotic cells?
It is scattered within the cytoplasm
What type of cells do animals, plants, fungi, and protists belong to?
Eukaryotic cells
What is the function of the cell nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
To store genetic material
What is the characteristic of the cell membrane in prokaryotic cells?
It is surrounded by a nuclear membrane
How do eukaryotic cells divide?
By mitosis
What is the characteristic of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?
They are found in the cytoplasm
Study Notes
Cell Types
- Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membranous organelles, such as mitochondria, and have genetic material (DNA) scattered within the cytoplasm.
- These cells perform vital functions in the cytoplasm and cellular membrane and have ribosomes.
- Examples of prokaryotic cells include bacteria and blue-green algae.
Eukaryotic Cells
- Eukaryotic cells have membranous organelles, a real nucleus, and nuclear material is not scattered within the cytoplasm.
- These cells are more highly developed than prokaryotic cells and include cells of animals, plants, fungi, and protists.
- Eukaryotic cells have organelles in their cytoplasm, chromosomes (DNA and proteins) in the cell nucleus, and divide by mitosis.
Cytoplasm
- Cytoplasm is a semifluid matrix that fills the space between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
- All vital events occur in the cytoplasm of a living organism, and it generally forms a homogeneous transparent mass.
Mitochondria
- Mitochondria are ellipsoidal or cudgel-shaped organelles with a length of 2-3 μm and a diameter of 0.5 μm.
- They are the energy-generating organelles, where the energy released by breaking the chemical bonds of organic molecules is transformed into ATP.
This quiz covers the characteristics of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, including their organelles and nucleus or lack thereof. Understand the differences between these cell types and their features.
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