Eucalypts Overview and Taxonomy

<p>Lignotuber sprouter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Six species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>19.6 million ha (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pinus (pines) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Americas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extended seed dispersal distance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1990s (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brazil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.9 million ha (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High mortality of seedlings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monocalyptus and Symphyomyrtus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>360 species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Naturalized eucalypts belong almost exclusively to two subgenera. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A subgenus with only one species. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marcel Rejmanek and David Mark Richardson (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10 to over 50 meters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It includes more than 140 species. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Angophora (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eucalyptus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Symphyomyrtus spathulata (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shorter terminal velocities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>None are classified as invasive in at least one country. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be dispersed longer distances by wind due to their smaller size. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eucalyptus camaldulensis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are generally larger. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seed dispersal methods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seeds can be dispersed by running water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nutrient depletion of soil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Growth and timber characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are generally considered noninvasive. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They establish spontaneously in suitable habitats. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential spread of their seedlings due to flooding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flooded or eroded banks are ideal habitats. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their seeds can be dispersed far by water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Long-term yield decline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus cladocalyx (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prohibiting or controlling litter raking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lower species diversity in eucalypt plantations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduction of pressure on native forests (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They accumulate highly flammable dead material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specific eucalypt species' characteristics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are often grown on abandoned agricultural land (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A genus of trees, comprising numerous species.

Eucalyptus is divided into distinct groups, some containing single species.

Subgenera with only one species.

One of the largest subgenera of Eucalyptus, containing more than 140 species.

One of the largest Eucalyptus subgenera, containing more than 360 species.

Eucalypts that have spread outside their native area, often becoming invasive species.

Most Eucalypts are trees ranging in height from 10 meters to over 50 meters.

Often treated as subgenera of Eucalyptus (sensu lato).

Different types of Eucalyptus trees, with over 360 known species.

How a Eucalyptus species reproduces and spreads, often by seeds or sprouting from existing roots.

Plants (or animals) that spread aggressively, often outcompeting native species in an area.

Potential negative impacts of large-scale eucalyptus plantations, including water use, soil erosion, and fire hazards.

When a plant releases chemicals into the soil that inhibit the growth of other nearby plants.

Large-scale cultivation of eucalyptus trees outside of Australia.

15.6 million hectares of eucalyptus plantations.

Estimated at 19.6 million hectares.

High death rates of young eucalyptus seedlings.

Speed at which eucalyptus seeds fall through the air, impacting their dispersal range.

Cultivated trees more widely grown than eucalyptus.

Eucalyptus global plantation size significantly less than in the 1990s.

Various regions have large-scale Eucalyptus plantations.

While eucalypts are widely planted, they are considered relatively non-invasive. However, their planting near rivers can be problematic due to their potential to spread and compete with native species.

Eucalypts have efficient methods of reproduction and spread, such as by seeds and sprouting from roots, contributing to their resilience.

Extensive planting of eucalyptus is linked to their invasive potential. Traits like rapid growth and strong roots contribute to their ability to spread.

Eucalypts can spread through water, as their seeds can be dispersed long distances by rivers and streams.

Eucalypts are most likely to establish themselves in areas with temporarily flooded or eroded banks, making river edges vulnerable.

The presence of temporary floods or erosion along riverbanks creates conditions favorable for the establishment of eucalyptus seedlings.

A type of Eucalyptus tree that regrows from a woody base called a lignotuber, making it resistant to fire and disturbances.

A type of Eucalyptus that only reproduces by seed, relying on dispersal for new growth.

A diverse group within the Eucalyptus genus, containing over 360 species, known for their smaller seeds and a tendency to be more invasive.

A group of Eucalyptus species, including over 140 species, known for their larger seeds and a lesser tendency to be invasive.

The speed at which seeds fall through the air, affecting how far they can travel from the parent tree.

Eucalyptus species that have invaded ecosystems outside their native range, potentially harming native species.

Eucalyptus species with smaller seeds, belonging to the subgenus Symphyomyrtus, are more likely to be invasive due to their ability to be dispersed further by wind.

No Eucalyptus species classified as invasive is a straight lignotuber sprouter, suggesting that seed dispersal is crucial to invasive behavior.

In many tropical countries, eucalypts are grown on degraded soils that are unsuitable for native trees, often abandoned agricultural land. This practice can be beneficial as it reduces pressure on natural forests.

Consecutive cutting cycles of eucalypts, especially when done frequently, can lead to reduced yields and degradation of the forest site over time. This happens due to soil depletion and damage.

To ensure long-term site quality and sustainability when harvesting eucalypts, longer cutting cycles and controlled litter raking are crucial. This allows the soil to recover and the forest to thrive.

Eucalypts are a significant source of nectar and pollen for honeybees. This is especially true for species like E. camaldulensis and E. cladocalyx because their flowering is abundant and lasts for a long time.

While providing resources for honeybees, eucalypts often lead to lower biodiversity compared to native vegetation. This is observed among arthropods, small mammals, and birds.

Unmanaged stands of some eucalypt species can accumulate large amounts of flammable dead material, raising the risk of intense fires. This is an important consideration when planting or managing eucalypt forests.

The role of Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus) in the 1991 Berkeley–Oakland Hills fire is debated, but its potential contribution to the intensity of the fire is a significant concern.