EU Social Rights and Fundamental Human Rights

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What event led to nations recognizing the need for international responsibility?

World War II

The rise of fascism

World War I (correct)

The Nuremberg trials

What was the significance of the Nuremberg trials in the context of human rights?

They led to the creation of the United Nations

They established a new international court

They charged Nazis with violating universal values and principles of international law (correct)

They declared the end of World War II

What is the purpose of judicial review in a constitutional framework?

To appoint judges to the constitutional court

To elect the head of government

To clarify the content and method of implementation of human rights (correct)

To amend the constitution

What type of rights were incorporated into post-war constitutions?

Social, economic, and political rights, as well as granting women legal equality Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a constitution in a national community?

To establish a common set of principles that binds the government Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of natural law in the context of human rights?

It is a revival of an old concept that emphasizes individual liberty Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the principle of subsidiarity in the EU?

To ensure that decisions are taken at the lowest level of governance possible Signup and view all the answers

Which EU principle ensures that EU laws and regulations are clear, predictable, and applied consistently?

Legal Certainty Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the principle of solidarity in the EU?

To promote cooperation and support among EU member states Signup and view all the answers

Which EU principle protects the individual liberties and freedoms of people within the EU?

Fundamental Rights Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the principle of democracy in the EU?

To ensure that decisions are made with the participation of citizens and their elected representatives Signup and view all the answers

Which EU principle ensures that all individuals are treated fairly and without discrimination?

Equality Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for recognizing welfare benefits as possessions under P1-1?

Legally enforceable right to them under domestic law Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of complaints contesting reductions in public-sector wages or pension benefits?

They are usually dismissed by the ECtHR Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of allowing national authorities to implement reasonable reductions in certain pension benefits?

To fulfill the redistributive function of these schemes Signup and view all the answers

What is prohibited by Article 14 of the ECHR?

Discrimination based solely on nationality or sex Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of national authorities having a wide margin of appreciation in determining whether differences justify disparate treatment?

It enables national authorities to determine whether differences justify disparate treatment in matters of economic or social strategy Signup and view all the answers

What is the violation according to the ECtHR when requiring transgender individuals to undergo sterilization surgery or treatment for legal recognition of their gender identity?

Violation of the rights to privacy and physical integrity under Article 8 of the ECHR Signup and view all the answers

What is not guaranteed by P1-1?

A specific amount or type of benefit Signup and view all the answers

What is the CJEU's stance on discrimination based on gender reassignment?

It is considered a form of sex discrimination Signup and view all the answers

What does the ECtHR emphasize regarding the right to divorce?

It is not a right under the ECHR, but national authorities are obliged to conduct divorce proceedings efficiently and within a reasonable timeframe Signup and view all the answers

What is the ECtHR's stance on same-sex marriage?

It is not a right under Article 12 of the ECHR, but same-sex couples living in stable de facto partnerships are protected under Article 8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle upheld by the ECtHR regarding marriage?

Marriage is a union between partners of opposite sexes Signup and view all the answers

What right do same-sex couples living in stable de facto partnerships have under the ECHR?

The right to private and family life under Article 8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the necessary condition for authorities to investigate cases involving racial violence?

When racial or ethnic prejudice is suspected to have played a role Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of thorough investigations in cases involving racial violence?

To uncover the truth and issue reasoned decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of statements indicating racial preferences in employment?

They deter candidates from applying Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of recognizing Roma as a disadvantaged minority?

To provide special consideration and protection Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle behind the Council Directive 2000/43/EC and Article 21 of the EU Charter?

Nondiscrimination principles, specifically addressing race, ethnic origin, and nationality Signup and view all the answers

Why are seemingly neutral policies in education problematic?

They can lead to systemic discrimination against Roma children Signup and view all the answers