Global crimes 6

The mistaken belief that many countries in the global north have efficient and widespread deportation systems.

Practices related to migration enforcement, such as detention and deportation, have become increasingly prominent in recent decades.

The number of people detained and deported in many countries now surpasses the number of people incarcerated. This trend is noteworthy, with a few exceptions.

Certain countries, like the US, UK, and Mexico, have developed very extensive and effective deportation systems.

Between the late 2000s and late 2010s, there was a sharp increase in deportations in several European countries, including Bulgaria, Germany, Poland, and Norway.

Countries like Cyprus, Germany, Poland, Romania, UK, and three Baltic nations successfully enforce more than three-quarters of their removal orders.

Countries such as Croatia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Finland, and the Netherlands have very high deportation rates—over 2,000 deportees per 100,000 third-country national residents per year.

Despite the existence of strong deportation systems in some countries, the global crimmigration landscape is diverse. The phenomenon of 'deportation machines' is relatively rare.

The concept of 'deportation machines' is a simplification that doesn't accurately reflect the complex and varied reality of migration enforcement around the world.

The global crimmigration landscape is characterized by different approaches to migration enforcement. While some countries may have developed effective deportation systems, it's crucial to acknowledge the diversity of practices across the world.

The European Union, which had 28 member states before Brexit in 2020. The present number of countries in the EU is 27.

A country in Northern Europe, known for its high living standards, social welfare system, and beautiful landscapes.

A country in Central Europe, known for its historic castles and brewing culture.

A country in Southern Europe, famous for its culture, art, food, and its capital, Rome.

A country in Southwestern Europe, renowned for its diverse landscapes, flamenco dancing, and history.

A country in Eastern Europe, known for its vibrant culture and its history as part of the former Soviet Union.

A country in Western Europe, famous for its cheese, windmills, and canals.

A country in Western Europe, known for its history, culture, cuisine, and its capital, Paris.

A country in Central Europe, known for its music, history, and its capital, Vienna.

A country in Central Europe, known for its history, culture, and its capital, Budapest.

The practice of combining immigration and criminal law to manage unwanted non-citizen populations.

A system where immigration enforcement takes precedence over criminal justice in managing non-citizens.

A system where criminal justice takes precedence over immigration enforcement in managing non-citizens.

The tendency for non-citizens to experience higher incarceration rates compared to citizens.

The practice of using deportation as a primary method of managing non-citizens.

The practice of using criminal justice as a primary method of managing non-citizens.

When a country's immigration enforcement system does not prioritize or effectively carry out deportation.

The different ways that countries combine immigration and criminal law to manage non-citizens.

The process of forcibly returning a person to their country of origin, often due to legal or security reasons.

A statistical measure used to assess the frequency of deportation in a certain year, compared to the previous year.

The average percentage of people who are deported in a country over a specific period, indicating the extent of enforcement.

A country's legal policies and procedures regarding the removal of foreign nationals from its territory.

The number of deportations per 100,000 foreign residents in a country, indicating the relative frequency of deporations.

The process of examining and evaluating the effectiveness of a country's deportation policy.

The use of data and analysis to understand trends and patterns in deporation rates.

The potential impact of deportation policies on the economy, society, and human rights.

The role of public opinion and political considerations in shaping deportation policies.

The need to balance national security concerns with human rights considerations in deportation practices.

International cooperation and collaboration in addressing deportation issues.

The use of technology and data-driven approaches to manage deportations.

The ethical and legal considerations surrounding the use of technology in deportation practices.

The potential for deportation policies to be misused or abused.

The need to ensure that deportation practices are fair, transparent, and humane.

The situation where a person is highly likely to be deported, creating a constant threat of forced removal.

A situation where deportation is extremely unlikely due to structural factors or lack of enforcement.

Detention centers designed to hold migrants awaiting deportation, often characterized by harsh conditions and a lack of due process.

The practice of using psychological tactics to control migrants, such as isolating them, creating uncertainty, and withholding vital information.

The overuse of psychotropic drugs in detention centers, often given without informed consent or proper medical supervision.

Physical and verbal abuse faced by migrants in detention, ranging from verbal harassment to beatings.

The use of coercion to subdue migrants, often involving sedatives, to make them easier to manage.