30 Questions
What is the primary symptom of acute arsenic poisoning from ingestion?
Severe pain in the mouth, chest, and abdomen
What is the recommended antidote for acute arsenic poisoning?
Dimercaprol for 2 days
What is the primary symptom of acute arsine poisoning from inhalation?
Irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract
What is the recommended first aid treatment for eye contamination with arsenic or arsine?
Wash eyes in a water bubbler eye fountain or shower for at least 15 minutes
What is the primary symptom of acute arsenic poisoning from skin contact?
Burning pain and corrosive damage to the skin
What is the recommended treatment for acute arsenic poisoning from ingestion?
Remove ingested arsenic by gastric emesis, followed by a saline cathartic
What is the recommended treatment for encephalopathy caused by lead exposure?
Corticosteroids and mannitol
When is parenteral chelation therapy for lead encephalopathy usually limited to?
3 days
What is the IM administration of calcium disodium edetate used for?
Preventing further exposure
What is the recommended treatment for seizures associated with lead exposure?
Chelation therapy
Why was dimercaprol followed by EDTA advocated for chelation treatment of lead encephalopathy?
To initiate oral treatment with succimer
What characteristic makes metallic mercury unique compared to other metals?
"Mysterious epidemic" association
Which metabolic products of ethylene glycol are responsible for the metabolic acidosis?
Glycolic acid, glyoxylic acid, and oxalic acid
How does oxalate contribute to tissue injury in ethylene glycol poisoning?
It precipitates with calcium to form insoluble calcium oxalate crystals
What is the initial symptom observed after acute ethylene glycol ingestion?
Inebriation and mild gastritis
Which enzyme is involved in the metabolism of ethylene glycol?
Alcohol dehydrogenase
What is the delay period before the onset of symptoms caused by the metabolic products of ethylene glycol?
4-12 hours
Which of the following is a common use of formaldehyde?
All of the above
What is the recommended treatment for eye burns according to the text?
Wash the eyes and apply sterile bandages without medication
What should be done if perforation of the stomach or esophagus is suspected after acid exposure?
Maintain nothing by mouth until endoscopic examination is done
How should skin contact with acid be treated as per the text?
Remove acid by flooding with water for at least 15 minutes
What is the purpose of giving prednisolone in cases of chronic acid inhalation poisoning?
To reduce the progression of fibrocystic and hyaline lung disease
What are common symptoms of acute poisoning through ingestion according to the text?
Vomiting and diarrhea with dark precipitated blood
How should acid exposure-induced aspiration be managed according to the text?
Maintain adequate airway to prevent asphyxia from glottal edema
What is the primary mechanism by which carbon monoxide exerts its toxic effects?
It binds reversibly to hemoglobin, reducing oxygen transport.
Which organs are most affected by carbon monoxide poisoning?
Brain and heart
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of carbon monoxide poisoning?
Jaundice and abdominal pain
What is the recommended treatment for acute carbon monoxide intoxication?
Removal from the exposure source and administration of oxygen
Which of the following statements about the elimination half-life of carbon monoxide is correct?
With hyperbaric oxygen, the half-life can be reduced to 20 minutes.
Which of the following substances is capable of causing silicosis?
Both talcum powder and magnesium silicate
Test your knowledge on the mechanism of action and effects of ethylene glycol intoxication. Learn about its metabolic pathway, resulting in metabolic acidosis, renal failure, and potential death. Understand how oxalate precipitation with calcium contributes to the toxicity of ethylene glycol.
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