Ethylene Glycol Intoxication Mechanism Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary symptom of acute arsenic poisoning from ingestion?

  • Burning pain and corrosive damage to the skin
  • Conjunctival edema and corneal clouding
  • Irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract
  • Severe pain in the mouth, chest, and abdomen (correct)
  • What is the recommended antidote for acute arsenic poisoning?

  • Gastric emesis followed by a saline cathartic
  • Hemodialysis after dimercaprol therapy
  • Dimercaprol for 2 days (correct)
  • Milk or water given by mouth
  • What is the primary symptom of acute arsine poisoning from inhalation?

  • Severe pain in the mouth, chest, and abdomen
  • Irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract (correct)
  • Burning pain and corrosive damage to the skin
  • Conjunctival edema and corneal clouding
  • What is the recommended first aid treatment for eye contamination with arsenic or arsine?

    <p>Wash eyes in a water bubbler eye fountain or shower for at least 15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary symptom of acute arsenic poisoning from skin contact?

    <p>Burning pain and corrosive damage to the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for acute arsenic poisoning from ingestion?

    <p>Remove ingested arsenic by gastric emesis, followed by a saline cathartic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for encephalopathy caused by lead exposure?

    <p>Corticosteroids and mannitol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is parenteral chelation therapy for lead encephalopathy usually limited to?

    <p>3 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the IM administration of calcium disodium edetate used for?

    <p>Preventing further exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for seizures associated with lead exposure?

    <p>Chelation therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was dimercaprol followed by EDTA advocated for chelation treatment of lead encephalopathy?

    <p>To initiate oral treatment with succimer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic makes metallic mercury unique compared to other metals?

    <p>&quot;Mysterious epidemic&quot; association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metabolic products of ethylene glycol are responsible for the metabolic acidosis?

    <p>Glycolic acid, glyoxylic acid, and oxalic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does oxalate contribute to tissue injury in ethylene glycol poisoning?

    <p>It precipitates with calcium to form insoluble calcium oxalate crystals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial symptom observed after acute ethylene glycol ingestion?

    <p>Inebriation and mild gastritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in the metabolism of ethylene glycol?

    <p>Alcohol dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the delay period before the onset of symptoms caused by the metabolic products of ethylene glycol?

    <p>4-12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common use of formaldehyde?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for eye burns according to the text?

    <p>Wash the eyes and apply sterile bandages without medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if perforation of the stomach or esophagus is suspected after acid exposure?

    <p>Maintain nothing by mouth until endoscopic examination is done</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should skin contact with acid be treated as per the text?

    <p>Remove acid by flooding with water for at least 15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of giving prednisolone in cases of chronic acid inhalation poisoning?

    <p>To reduce the progression of fibrocystic and hyaline lung disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common symptoms of acute poisoning through ingestion according to the text?

    <p>Vomiting and diarrhea with dark precipitated blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should acid exposure-induced aspiration be managed according to the text?

    <p>Maintain adequate airway to prevent asphyxia from glottal edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which carbon monoxide exerts its toxic effects?

    <p>It binds reversibly to hemoglobin, reducing oxygen transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organs are most affected by carbon monoxide poisoning?

    <p>Brain and heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of carbon monoxide poisoning?

    <p>Jaundice and abdominal pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for acute carbon monoxide intoxication?

    <p>Removal from the exposure source and administration of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the elimination half-life of carbon monoxide is correct?

    <p>With hyperbaric oxygen, the half-life can be reduced to 20 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is capable of causing silicosis?

    <p>Both talcum powder and magnesium silicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

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