Ethylene Glycol Intoxication Mechanism Quiz

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What is the primary symptom of acute arsenic poisoning from ingestion?

Burning pain and corrosive damage to the skin

Conjunctival edema and corneal clouding

Irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract

Severe pain in the mouth, chest, and abdomen (correct)

What is the recommended antidote for acute arsenic poisoning?

Gastric emesis followed by a saline cathartic

Hemodialysis after dimercaprol therapy

Dimercaprol for 2 days (correct)

Milk or water given by mouth

What is the primary symptom of acute arsine poisoning from inhalation?

Severe pain in the mouth, chest, and abdomen

Irritation of the eyes and upper respiratory tract (correct)

Burning pain and corrosive damage to the skin

Conjunctival edema and corneal clouding

What is the recommended first aid treatment for eye contamination with arsenic or arsine?

Wash eyes in a water bubbler eye fountain or shower for at least 15 minutes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of acute arsenic poisoning from skin contact?

Burning pain and corrosive damage to the skin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for acute arsenic poisoning from ingestion?

Remove ingested arsenic by gastric emesis, followed by a saline cathartic (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for encephalopathy caused by lead exposure?

Corticosteroids and mannitol (C) Signup and view all the answers

When is parenteral chelation therapy for lead encephalopathy usually limited to?

3 days (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the IM administration of calcium disodium edetate used for?

Preventing further exposure (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for seizures associated with lead exposure?

Chelation therapy (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why was dimercaprol followed by EDTA advocated for chelation treatment of lead encephalopathy?

To initiate oral treatment with succimer (A) Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic makes metallic mercury unique compared to other metals?

"Mysterious epidemic" association (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which metabolic products of ethylene glycol are responsible for the metabolic acidosis?

Glycolic acid, glyoxylic acid, and oxalic acid (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does oxalate contribute to tissue injury in ethylene glycol poisoning?

It precipitates with calcium to form insoluble calcium oxalate crystals (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial symptom observed after acute ethylene glycol ingestion?

Inebriation and mild gastritis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in the metabolism of ethylene glycol?

Alcohol dehydrogenase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the delay period before the onset of symptoms caused by the metabolic products of ethylene glycol?

4-12 hours (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common use of formaldehyde?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for eye burns according to the text?

Wash the eyes and apply sterile bandages without medication (C) Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if perforation of the stomach or esophagus is suspected after acid exposure?

Maintain nothing by mouth until endoscopic examination is done (C) Signup and view all the answers

How should skin contact with acid be treated as per the text?

Remove acid by flooding with water for at least 15 minutes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of giving prednisolone in cases of chronic acid inhalation poisoning?

To reduce the progression of fibrocystic and hyaline lung disease (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are common symptoms of acute poisoning through ingestion according to the text?

Vomiting and diarrhea with dark precipitated blood (D) Signup and view all the answers

How should acid exposure-induced aspiration be managed according to the text?

Maintain adequate airway to prevent asphyxia from glottal edema (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which carbon monoxide exerts its toxic effects?

It binds reversibly to hemoglobin, reducing oxygen transport. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which organs are most affected by carbon monoxide poisoning?

Brain and heart (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of carbon monoxide poisoning?

Jaundice and abdominal pain (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for acute carbon monoxide intoxication?

Removal from the exposure source and administration of oxygen (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the elimination half-life of carbon monoxide is correct?

With hyperbaric oxygen, the half-life can be reduced to 20 minutes. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is capable of causing silicosis?

Both talcum powder and magnesium silicate (A) Signup and view all the answers