Ethnicity and Race Quiz

Subtle, often unintentional behaviors that express prejudice or negativity towards a person or group based on their race or ethnicity.

A type of microaggression where someone's words or actions subtly dismiss or invalidate the experiences of a person of color. For example, telling a person of color that you 'don't see race.'

A type of microaggression where someone's words or actions subtly express a negative attitude towards a person of color. For example, a person of color being asked to explain their culture or being treated as an outsider.

The idea that racism can be disguised as seemingly neutral policies or practices that disproportionately harm people of color. This often involves appeals to colorblindness or equal opportunity that ignore the underlying inequalities and discrimination.

An approach that denies the existence of racial prejudice or discrimination, claiming that all individuals are treated equally.

The idea that racism can be overcome by simply providing equal opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their racial background. This ignores the historical and ongoing systemic barriers that people of color face.

The idea that people of color are responsible for their own disadvantages and that they lack the motivation or skills to succeed. This ideology blames victims instead of addressing systemic issues.

A perspective that acknowledges cultural diversity and the importance of tolerance, but ultimately maintains the superiority of dominant cultural values and practices.

Immigrant children may adapt by adopting the dominant culture's values and practices, blending in with the majority group.

Immigrant children may form close-knit communities within a larger society, maintaining their ethnic identity and traditions.

Immigrant children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds may face discrimination and limited opportunities, leading to a sense of exclusion and restricted social mobility.

The idea that immigrants can adapt to a new culture in different ways, sometimes incorporating elements of both their original culture and the new one.

The theory that cultural values and traits contribute to differences in intellectual abilities and cognitive skills.

A theory suggesting that poverty is perpetuated through cultural beliefs and values passed down through generations.

The theory that emphasizes the ability of individuals and groups to adapt and adjust to new environments, influencing success.

The theory that asserts that ethnic affiliation can limit social mobility and prevent certain groups from achieving social status.

A perspective that views ethnicity and 'race' as fundamental, fixed, and rooted in biological or blood ties, passed down from birth.

A type of primordialism that applies biological and evolutionary principles to explain group behavior.

The idea that ethnic groups naturally band together to ensure the survival and propagation of their members, often through intermarriage.

Favoritism shown to relatives and those within one's in-group, a key mechanism in ethnic solidarity according to primordialism.

A theory of ethnicity and race that focuses on the role of cultural differences, arguing they are learned and can change over time.

A perspective that emphasizes the importance of power dynamics and social structures in shaping racial and ethnic relations.

A theory that acknowledges the influence of both culture and power in shaping racial and ethnic identities and relations.

The idea that racism is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that extends beyond individual prejudices and involves systemic inequalities across various institutions, including education, healthcare, and the justice system.

A critique of theories that focus solely on white racism, arguing that people within minority groups can also be racist and perpetuate inequalities.

The degree to which an ethnic group in a particular time and place develops organizations, such as schools, religious institutions, or social clubs, designed to serve their needs.

Strategies that allow diverse groups to maintain their cultural identities without threatening the unity of the state, focusing on institutions and cultural autonomy rather than territory.

A problematic concept that has historically been defined by physical characteristics, genetic traits, or assigned attributes. It focuses on the idea that people can be categorized into distinct groups based on these supposed differences.

Prior to the late 19th century, the term 'race' referred to lineage and was often defined in religious and environmental terms, such as how environmental factors might influence skin color.

The exploration of the world by Europeans in the 15th century brought them into contact with people from different cultures and appearances. These differences were used to justify slavery and colonialism.

By using religious differences to classify Indigenous people as 'heathen', Europeans justified overlooking Indigenous rights to their lands and ultimately colonizing them.

A shift in the meaning of 'race' during the 19th century, intertwining colonialism with scientific thought, led to the use of 'race' to explain apparent biological differences and cultural variations, perpetuating racism.

A type of racism based on the belief that distinct biological types determine physical and social differences, leading to the idea that some races are inherently superior or inferior to others.

A collection of scientific theories that attempted to categorize people into permanent and distinct racial types, suggesting that these differences were linked to innate superiority or inferiority.

A key concept in sociology, stemming from the Greek term for 'people', emphasizing the shared identity, culture, and traditions of a group.

The idea that prejudice between groups can be reduced when certain conditions are met, such as equal group status, a shared goal that requires cooperation, and support from authorities.

A model that proposes seven stages of assimilation: cultural/behavioral, structural, marital, identificational, attitude receptional, behavioral receptional, and civic assimilation. It suggests that progression through these stages is not linear and some groups may become stuck at a certain stage.

The tolerance and acceptance of ethnic differences, promoting the worth and value of other cultures.

A social response to cultural diversity that emphasizes the importance of celebrating and preserving different cultures in a society.

A theoretical model that describes the stages of interaction between groups: contact, competition, accommodation, and fusion/assimilation. It suggests that interaction between groups typically leads to assimilation of minority groups into the dominant group.

The belief that individuals belonging to different ethnic groups live together peacefully and harmoniously, each group maintaining its own cultural identity.

The subjective belief in a common ancestry among a group of people, based on similarities in physical appearance, customs, or historical experiences. Often involves a shared sense of history and identity.

The process of categorizing people based on perceived physical differences, often used to create social hierarchies and justify inequality. It is a social construct, not a biological reality.

A form of discrimination based on perceived racial differences, often rooted in prejudice and power imbalances. It can manifest as individual actions or systemic inequalities.

The idea that groups are defined by their distinct characteristics, creating boundaries between “us” and “them.” This can lead to prejudice and discrimination.

The process of creating social groups based on shared characteristics or interests. This can involve factors like values, beliefs, shared experiences, and behaviors.

The social practices of including or excluding individuals based on certain criteria. These practices can influence group membership, resources, and power dynamics.

The development of a shared sense of identity and awareness among members of a group. It can involve recognizing common interests, experiences, and a sense of solidarity.

The process of acquiring an ethnic identity, which can be either consciously chosen or inherited. Individual identity can be shaped by one's relationship with their ethnic collective.