Conflict 02

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How does primordialism view ethnicity?

As a concept that changes based on environment

As a recent societal construct

As a temporary phenomenon

As something natural or organically formed over time (correct)

What is the absolutist position of primordialism mentioned in the text?

Ethnicity has no impact on human behavior

Ethnicity is a recent social invention

Each ethnic group is its own species (correct)

Ethnicity is completely fluid and changes constantly

How does the text describe the idea of having 'no-ethnicity'?

A liberating concept free from societal norms

A modern concept embraced by all societies

An ideal state of social existence

Unacceptable, similar to having no gender (correct)

Why is ethnicity said to carry a lot of importance in guiding and interpreting human behavior?

It influences how individuals perceive themselves and others Signup and view all the answers

What is one aspect that differentiates the theoretical schools of primordialism and instrumentalism?

Their stance on the persistence of ethnicity through time Signup and view all the answers

Why do most modern scholars who consider themselves 'primordialists' not endorse the purist stance of primordialism?

Because the purist stance does not stand up to logical scrutiny Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective attributes the practice of endogamy to a shared belief in the uniqueness of the group?

Socio-biological Perspective Signup and view all the answers

Who suggested that all that is required for the existence of an ethnic group is intuitive conviction in the group's separate origin and evolution?

Walker Connor Signup and view all the answers

What does Clifford Geertz attribute to the 'givens' of social existence?

Deep-rooted attachments Signup and view all the answers

Who emphasized that unique descent claims are believed only if sufficient physical and cultural similarities exist within an ethnic group?

Pierre Van den Berghe Signup and view all the answers

In the context of ethnicity, who proposed that attachments flow more from a sense of natural affinity than from social interactions?

Clifford Geertz Signup and view all the answers

What does Walker Connor suggest is key to defining an ethnic group?

Intuitive conviction of separate origin Signup and view all the answers

Which scholar described ethnic groups as populations bounded by the rule or practice of endogamy?

Pierre Van den Berghe Signup and view all the answers

Why does Grosby argue that ethnic groups and nationalities exist?

Due to shared traditions of belief and action towards primordial objects. Signup and view all the answers

How does instrumentalism view ethnic identities?

As primarily rational and serving material ends. Signup and view all the answers

According to Geertz, why do people often engage in seemingly inexplicable acts for ethnicity?

Because of deep emotional ties to primordial objects. Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Zionist Congress vehemently reject Theodor Herzl's 'Uganda project'?

Uganda had no prior spiritual or cultural connection to global Jewry. Signup and view all the answers

What does Steven Grosby believe are the 'primordial objects' to which ethnic groups attach themselves?

Biological features and territorial location. Signup and view all the answers

How does the elite perspective explain the formation of ethnic identity?

Based on the rational decision-making of the elites. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of ethnicity, what does 'primordial' refer to?

Biological features and territorial location that are not easily altered. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes instrumentalism from primordialism in understanding ethnic identities?

'Instrumentalism sees ethnic identities as political constructs while primordialism sees them as natural.' Signup and view all the answers

'Elites and counter-elites within ethnic groups select aspects of the group’s culture, attach new value and meaning to them...' - Who proposed this view?

'Paul Brass.' Signup and view all the answers

Why does Brass argue that ethnic identities cannot be created out of nothing?

There needs to be a pre-existing artefact to build on or revive. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Hobsbawm's work, what does 'invented traditions' refer to?

Symbolic nature practices used to inculcate certain values. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between the elitist perspective and the social-engineering perspective regarding ethnicity formation?

The elitist perspective focuses on systematic and official processes. Signup and view all the answers

Why does Hobsbawm's concept of 'invented traditions' help in understanding the formation and persistence of ethnic identities?

'Invented traditions' imply continuity with the past. Signup and view all the answers

How does Gellner contrast national cultures with pre-nation-state cultures?

National cultures are wild varieties while pre-nation-state cultures are cultivated. Signup and view all the answers

What does Brass suggest about the role of elites in formulating a group's ethnic identity?

Elites draw on existing artefacts to formulate ethnic identities. Signup and view all the answers

Why do some symbols strike a deeper chord with the masses according to the text?

'Invented traditions' ensure symbols have historical roots for legitimacy. Signup and view all the answers

'The monopoly of legitimate education is now more important, more central than the monopoly of legitimate violence' in Gellner's context implies what about modern identity formation?

Education plays a crucial role in shaping modern identity and culture. Signup and view all the answers

'Ethnic identities cannot be created out of nothing' implies what about the nature of ethnic identity formation?

'Ethnic identities must have a historical foundation.' Signup and view all the answers

'Invented traditions' seek to inculcate certain values through repetition, implying what about their purpose?

'Invented traditions' aim to maintain continuity with the past. Signup and view all the answers