Ethiopia Weather and Climate
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Questions and Answers

What mainly controls the climate of Ethiopia?

  • Variations in atmospheric pressure and wind speed
  • Seasonal migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and complex topography (correct)
  • Temperature and humidity levels
  • Proximity to the equator and the Indian Ocean

    • How is weather different from climate?

  • Weather is the current state of the atmosphere, while climate refers to long time periods. (correct)
  • Weather is determined by latitude and elevation, while climate is influenced by ocean currents and vegetation.
  • Weather refers to the long-term state of the atmosphere, while climate is the current atmospheric conditions.
  • Climate is the daily atmospheric conditions, while weather is the overall atmospheric patterns.

    • What factors contribute to determining the climate of a specific location on earth?

  • Hotness or coldness, rainy or cloudiness, sunniness, and windiness
  • Atmospheric pressure, humidity, cloudiness, wind speed, and precipitation
  • Latitude, elevation, ocean currents, topography, vegetation, and prevailing winds (correct)
  • Temperature, proximity to the equator, humidity, and wind direction

    • Which factor plays a significant role in determining climate as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Latitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the sun shine more directly on the equator compared to other locations?

    <p>It receives more sunlight as it is at zero degree latitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which geographic feature has a direct influence on climate according to the text?

    <p>Vegetation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Ethiopia's latitudinal location impact its temperature?

    <p>Results in high average temperatures and small annual temperature ranges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inclination of the Earth's axis with respect to the plane of its orbit around the sun?

    <p>66 ½ °</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the inclination of the Earth's axis affect the seasons?

    <p>Produces differences in the directness of the sun's rays and causes changes in seasons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between altitude and temperature?

    <p>Increase in altitude leads to a decrease in temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does moving towards the poles from the equator affect solar insolation?

    <p>Less solar insolation is received as you move towards the poles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the inclination of the Earth's axis affect the length of day and night?

    <p>Produces differences in length of day and night.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ethiopia's Climate

    • Elevation is the primary factor determining Ethiopia's climate.
    • The Ethiopian Highlands significantly influence the country's climate.
    • Latitude also plays a role in determining Ethiopia's temperature.

    Climate vs. Weather

    • Weather refers to short-term atmospheric conditions at a specific time and place.
    • Climate encompasses long-term weather patterns and averages over an extended period.

    Factors Influencing Climate

    • Latitude: The Earth's curvature causes the sun's rays to strike the equator more directly, leading to higher temperatures.
    • Elevation: As altitude increases, temperature decreases, resulting in cooler climates in mountainous regions.
    • Proximity to large bodies of water: Coastal areas experience more moderate temperatures due to the moderating influence of water.
    • Ocean currents: Warm currents bring warmer temperatures, while cold currents bring cooler temperatures.
    • Global atmospheric circulation: Large-scale wind patterns distribute heat and moisture around the globe.

    Earth's Tilt and Seasons

    • The Earth's axis is tilted at 23.5 degrees relative to its orbital plane.
    • This tilt causes the amount of direct sunlight received by different regions of the Earth to vary throughout the year, resulting in seasons.
    • During summer in a hemisphere, that hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, receiving more direct sunlight and longer days.
    • During winter, that hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, receiving less direct sunlight and shorter days.

    Solar Insolation

    • Solar insolation is the amount of solar radiation reaching a given area on Earth.
    • The equator receives the most direct sunlight, resulting in highest insolation.
    • Moving towards the poles from the equator, solar insolation decreases due to the angle at which the sun's rays strike the surface.
    • This variation in solar insolation contributes to differences in temperature between equatorial and polar regions.

    Length of Day and Night

    • The Earth's tilt affects the length of day and night.
    • During the summer solstice, the hemisphere tilted towards the sun experiences the longest day and the shortest night.
    • During the winter solstice, that hemisphere experiences the shortest day and the longest night.
    • The opposite occurs in the other hemisphere.

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    Description

    Explore the unique climate of Ethiopia, influenced by its altitudinal ranges, diverse climatic conditions, and geographical location. Learn about the factors controlling the climate, including the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the country's complex topography.

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