Ethics Overview and Personal Ethics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)?

  • To provide training and education for aspiring engineers
  • To represent the interests of engineers in government policy discussions
  • To conduct research into new engineering technologies
  • To oversee the licensing and regulation of engineers (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT a category of registered person under the Registration of Engineers Act 1967?

  • Graduate Engineer
  • Professional Engineer
  • Engineering Technician (correct)
  • Accredited Checker
  • What is the key principle that a registered person must adhere to in their professional conduct?

  • Avoid unnecessary risks and prioritize safety above all else
  • Always prioritize the interests of their employer over the public
  • Act in a way that is honourable, responsible, ethical, and lawful (correct)
  • Maintain strict confidentiality about all aspects of their work
  • Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a registered person towards their employer, client, or profession, as stated in the text?

    <p>Ensuring that all projects are completed within budget and on schedule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The BEM Code of Ethics reflects which of the following?

    <p>The need for engineers to prioritize the safety and well-being of the public (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the BEM Code of Ethics, what is the significance of 'lawfully'?

    <p>It ensures compliance with relevant laws and regulations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a legal framework mentioned in the provided text?

    <p>Engineering Professional Code of Conduct 2020 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the BEM Code of Ethics, which aspect must be considered paramount in engineering practice?

    <p>The safety, health, and interest of the public (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean to discharge duties with 'fidelity'?

    <p>To be honest and loyal to your employer or client. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for prohibiting registered engineers from 'canvassing' or 'soliciting' professional employment?

    <p>To ensure that engineers maintain ethical standards and do not engage in unfair competition. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of 'maliciously' as used in the context of a registered engineer's conduct ?

    <p>With intent to harm or damage. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of prohibiting registered engineers from offering gifts or other valuable considerations to secure professional employment?

    <p>To prevent engineers from engaging in bribery or corruption. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of "paramount" as used in the context of a registered engineer's responsibilities?

    <p>Most significant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions would be considered "maliciously injuring" the professional reputation of another registered engineer? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Criticizing another engineer's work in a professional review. (A), Making false or misleading statements about another engineer's qualifications. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of "reasonable" in the context of a registered engineer's conduct?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a prohibited form of advertising for a registered engineer?

    <p>Distributing flyers at a public event. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the regulations, under what circumstances can a registered engineer or engineering consultancy practice (ECP) intervene in the work of another registered engineer or ECP?

    <p>When the original engineer's services have been terminated by the client. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the regulations, what does 'supplant' mean?

    <p>To replace or take over. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a registered engineer is employed on a project, what is the engineer's responsibility regarding contracts and orders?

    <p>They can place contracts or orders only with the authority of their client. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Board in resolving a dispute over unpaid fees between a client and a registered engineer?

    <p>The Board will act as a stakeholder, holding any disputed fees until the issue is resolved. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions is NOT a violation of the regulations?

    <p>A registered engineer providing services for the same client as another registered engineer with the client's consent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Regulation 29?

    <p>To ensure that clients have control over the contracts and orders placed for their projects. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the Code of Conduct mention the importance of not falsifying qualifications?

    <p>To uphold ethical standards and public trust in the profession. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the regulations, what is the legal consequence for a registered engineer who violates a regulation?

    <p>The engineer may have their registration revoked or suspended. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of a penalty for violating professional ethics?

    <p>Increased salary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between personal and professional ethics?

    <p>Professional ethics are more strict and have greater consequences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key element of engineering ethics?

    <p>Prioritizing personal gain over the well-being of others (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of professional ethics?

    <p>To guide engineers in making responsible decisions that uphold public safety and welfare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements BEST describes the relationship between professional ethics and engineering ethics?

    <p>Engineering ethics is a specialized subset of professional ethics, tailored to the engineering profession. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the statement ‘Ethical obligations do not stop at any country's border; they are global’ imply about engineering ethics?

    <p>Engineers must follow the same code of ethics wherever they work. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial for engineers to understand and apply ethical principles in their work?

    <p>To ensure the safety and well-being of the public. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most significant responsibility of engineers, according to the text?

    <p>To uphold the health, safety, and welfare of the public. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what kind of situations does the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct apply?

    <p>To all those involved in project management, including non-members (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the PMI Code of Ethics, which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a project manager?

    <p>To ensure the use of the most cost-effective resources regardless of ethical considerations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary message conveyed by the statement "Make decisions based on the best interests of society, public safety, and the environment"within the PMI Code of Ethics?

    <p>Project managers should consider the broader impact of their decisions beyond immediate project goals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the PMI Code of Ethics promote fairness in project management?

    <p>By promoting equal opportunities for qualified candidates regardless of background (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions WOULD violate the principles of respect within the PMI Code of Ethics?

    <p>Ignoring feedback to address personal bias and preferences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of "demonstrating transparency in decision-making process" as outlined in the PMI Code of Ethics?

    <p>Providing clear and accurate information about project risks to all relevant stakeholders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the PMI Code of Ethics address the issue of "competing self-interest" in project management?

    <p>It emphasizes the importance of maintaining objectivity and impartiality in all decision-making. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the code of conduct, what should an engineer do if they are asked to sign a document they did not prepare?

    <p>Refuse to sign the document and explain their reasoning. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical requirement regarding expressing public technical opinions?

    <p>Engineers should only express opinions grounded in their competence and knowledge of the subject. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should an engineer take if their professional advice is overruled, potentially endangering public safety?

    <p>Notify the employer, client, and relevant authorities of the potential risks involved. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the code of conduct state about accepting compensation from multiple parties on a single project?

    <p>It is permissible if all parties are fully informed and consent to the arrangement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can an engineer reveal confidential information related to a project?

    <p>When authorized by law or when it is necessary to protect public safety and health. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these statements BEST summarizes the purpose of this code of conduct?

    <p>To define clear guidelines for engineers' professional behavior and ethical obligations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary ethical concern surrounding the acceptance of benefits from outside agents?

    <p>It can undermine the objectivity and impartiality of an engineer's judgment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the code of conduct, when is it acceptable to certify the satisfactory completion of a project?

    <p>When the engineer has control over the project's supervision and can verify its satisfactory completion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Due Diligence

    The effort to verify facts before endorsement of statements or claims.

    Qualified Assignments

    Undertaking tasks only if appropriately educated and experienced.

    Control Over Documents

    Signing engineering documents only if you prepared or supervised them.

    Objective Reporting

    Being truthful and unbiased in professional statements and reports.

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    PMI

    Project Management Institute, a global not-for-profit for project management.

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    Code of Ethics

    A set of principles guiding ethical conduct for PMI members.

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    Penalties in Professional Ethics

    Consequences imposed for violating professional ethics, such as warnings or fines.

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    Responsibility

    Being accountable for decisions and actions taken.

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    Respect

    Valuing diverse personal, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds.

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    Overlap of Ethics

    Values that are shared between personal and professional ethics, like honesty and respect.

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    Fairness

    Making impartial decisions without bias or favoritism.

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    Professional Ethics

    A set of guidelines that regulates the behavior of professionals towards their responsibilities.

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    Honesty

    Truthfulness in communications and conduct.

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    Engineering Ethics

    The professional ethics specifically related to the field of engineering guiding conduct.

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    Transparency

    Being open and clear about the decision-making process.

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    Global Ethical Obligations

    Ethical duties of engineers that extend beyond national borders to ensure public safety.

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    Confidentiality

    Protecting proprietary or sensitive information.

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    Consequences Severity

    The progression from courtesy to laws indicating increasing severity of ethical breaches.

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    Ethical Decision-Making

    The process of making choices based on ethical considerations and guidelines.

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    Skill

    The ability to do something well or expertise.

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    Care

    Serious attention to do something correctly.

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    Diligence

    Working carefully with a lot of effort.

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    Fidelity

    Honest and full support; doing work as if for oneself.

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    Maliciously

    Intended to cause harm or damage; bad intention.

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    Reputation

    The opinion people have about someone; good name.

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    Canvassing

    The act of trying to get support or professional employment.

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    Solicit

    To ask for something from someone.

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    Payment Restrictions

    A registered person cannot make payments on behalf of a client without request.

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    Placement of Contracts

    Registered Engineers cannot place contracts without client authority.

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    Intervening in Work

    Registered Engineers must not intervene in work of others without consent.

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    Definition of Supplant

    To supplant means to replace or take over from another.

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    Definition of Intervene

    To intervene means to become involved in another's work.

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    Consent Requirement

    Consent from the original Engineer is necessary before taking over work.

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    Client Notification

    An Engineer can take over if notified by the client of service termination.

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    Falsifying Qualifications

    Engineers must not falsify their qualifications.

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    Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)

    A statutory body established to regulate engineering professionals in Malaysia.

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    Registration of Engineers Act 1967

    The law that established the framework for the registration and regulation of engineers in Malaysia.

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    Registered Person

    An individual registered under the Registration of Engineers Act, qualifying for various engineering roles.

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    Code of Conduct

    Guidelines that dictate the ethical and professional behavior expected of registered persons.

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    Honourably

    Conducting oneself in a manner deserving of respect and praise.

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    Responsibly

    Acting with judgement and the ability to fulfill professional duties correctly.

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    Ethically

    Conducting oneself according to moral principles and values.

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    Public Safety Paramount

    Registered persons must prioritize public safety, health, and interest in their work.

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    Certifying Work Completion

    To certify work completion, one must have supervision over the project.

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    Assuming Liability

    An engineer assumes responsibility for work done prior when taking over a project.

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    Confidentiality in Work

    Engineers must not reveal information without consent unless required by law for public safety.

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    Reporting Violations

    Engineers should report any known violations of code or law to relevant bodies.

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    Conflict of Interest

    Engineers must disclose any known or potential conflicts of interest.

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    Accepting Benefits

    Engineers shouldn't accept benefits from multiple parties on the same project without agreement.

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    Public Technical Opinions

    Engineers shall not express opinions publicly unless based on competence and facts.

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    Advisory Notification

    Notify employers or clients if professional advice is overruled or amended unsafely.

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    Study Notes

    Ethics Overview

    • Ethics are moral values and principles that guide conduct for individuals, organizations, and professions.
    • Behavior is how someone acts.
    • Moral principles govern what is right and wrong conduct.

    Personal Ethics

    • Personal ethics are guidelines for personal life.
    • Individuals use personal ethics to determine right and wrong in society, and make decisions through their behavior.
    • Each person's code of ethics may vary but share common traits like honesty and respect.
    • Personal ethics are shaped by background factors, education, cultural norms, religion, and societal influences.
    • Violating personal ethics is not usually punishable by law. However, it can lead to immoral conduct which may be penalized under certain laws.

    Professional Ethics

    • Professional ethics is a shared understanding of conduct guidelines among people within a profession.
    • Professional bodies like the Board of Engineers, Malaysia (BEM), the Malaysian Medical Council (MMC), Pertubuhan Arkitek Malaysia (PAM), and the Malaysian Board of Technologists (MBOT) have codes of ethics.
    • These codes outline professional rules and regulations that members must follow.
    • Professional ethics aim to ensure public safety, prevent client exploitation, and preserve professional integrity.
    • Penalties for violating professional codes may include written warnings, fines, suspension, or cancellation of registration.
    • Professional and personal ethics overlap, sharing values like honesty and respect. However, professional ethics tend to be more restrictive since violations may lead to organization action(s).
    • An illustrative example shows the progression from courtesy/etiquette, to morals/ethics, to professional ethics/codes, and finally to acts/laws.
    • Engineering ethics is a subset of professional ethics specific to engineers.
    • Engineering ethics ensures that members of the profession follow proper conduct guidelines.
    • Engineering ethics is guided by codes of ethics or codes of professional conduct.

    Engineering Ethics Concepts

    • Ethical considerations are intrinsic to engineering decision-making.
    • Engineers' obligations extend beyond contractual agreements to include client or customer well-being.
    • Codes of ethics can provide guidance during decision-making processes.

    Why Engineers Need to Know About Ethics

    • Engineers, with their knowledge and skills, have the capability to provide services to the public, and thereby assume a tremendous responsibility to society and clients.
    • Engineering decisions should align with the best interests of society, public safety, and the environment.
    • An engineer's ethical obligations are global, not limited to a specific country.
    • The social and economic context of engineering practice may influence how engineers fulfill their ethical obligations.

    Board of Engineers, Malaysia (BEM)

    • BEM is a statutory body created under the Registration of Engineers Act 1967 and formalized in August 1972.
    • Its primary role is to facilitate registration of engineers and specialists, regulate their professional conduct, and ensure the safety and welfare of the public.
    • BEM's registration covers various roles including Gradient Engineers, Professional Engineers (with Practicing Certificate), Accredited checkers, Inspectors of Works, and Engineering Technologists.

    Registration of Engineers Regulations 1990

    • This document outlines the Code of Conduct for registered persons, including the regulation (no. 223) for conduct of registered persons (honesty, responsibility, ethics and lawfulness).
    • There are separate regulations and guidelines to govern the responsibilities to employers/clients, discharging of duties with fidelity (being loyal or honest), avoiding malicious reputation injury, and avoiding canvassing/advertising promotions.
    • There are also regulations to prevent interference or taking over other engineer's work and making payments or placing contracts.

    PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct

    • The Project Management Institute (PMI) provides standards, certifications, courses, and resources for project managers.
    • The PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct applies broadly to members, non-members seeking a PMI certification, or anyone volunteering with PMI.
    • Key characteristics of the code are responsibility, respect, fairness, and honesty.
    • Responsibility emphasizes decisions in line with public safety, accepting assignments aligned with qualifications, accepting accountability, and fulfilling commitments (while safeguarding proprietary info), and reporting unethical and illegal behavior.
    • Respect involves valuing cultural and personal differences and avoiding disrespectful behavior.
    • Fairness involves objective decision-making, transparency, providing equal information to qualified candidates, and avoiding potential conflicts of interest.
    • Honesty involves truthful communications, accuracy of information, negotiated agreements, and creating an environment where candor is encouraged.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the foundation of ethics, including personal and professional ethics. It highlights how personal values and professional codes guide behavior and decision-making. Understand the significance of moral principles in various fields and their societal impacts.

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