Ethics in Law and Legal Principles
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Ethics in Law and Legal Principles

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Questions and Answers

Which Presidential Decree establishes provisions regarding child adoption?

  • Presidential Decree 148
  • Presidential Decree 579
  • Presidential Decree 673
  • Presidential Decree 603 (correct)

    • Which decree regulates the rights of employees in terms of self-organization and collective bargaining?

  • Presidential Decree 539
  • Presidential Decree 442 (correct)
  • Presidential Decree 491
  • Presidential Decree 568

    • What does Presidential Decree 851 provide for employees?

  • Retirement benefits
  • 13th Month Pay (correct)
  • Annual bonuses
  • Flexible working hours

    • Which Presidential Decree declares the last week of October as Nurse’s Week?

    <p>Presidential Decree 539</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What purpose does Presidential Decree 825 serve?

    <p>Penalty for improper garbage disposal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Presidential Decree limits paid maternity leave benefits to a specific number of children?

    <p>Presidential Decree 48</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which decree addresses population issues and established the Population Commission?

    <p>Presidential Decree 79</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Presidential Decree 626 provide for individuals covered by SSS and GSIS?

    <p>Immediate injury and illness benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical problem occurs when an agent knows the correct course of action but faces structural barriers?

    <p>Ethical Distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration in dilemmas of justice?

    <p>Distribution of benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In ethical dilemmas, what characterizes the situation?

    <p>Multiple actions may compromise something of value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical problem involves multiple agents or authorities, each with their own preferred outcomes?

    <p>Locus of Authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the ethical decision-making process?

    <p>Gather relevant information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which legal principle is associated with ensuring no harm comes to patients?

    <p>Non-Maleficence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What legal concept focuses on equality and fairness in the distribution of resources?

    <p>Anti-discrimination Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical principle emphasizes the importance of patient consent?

    <p>Autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the Revised Rules and Regulations Governing the Registration, Licensure, and Operation of Hospitals and Other Health Facilities?

    <p>To protect and promote the health of the people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agency is responsible for exercising regulatory functions over hospitals and health facilities?

    <p>Department of Health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hospitals are classified as providing services for all types of deformity, disease, illness, or injury?

    <p>General hospitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes private hospitals from government hospitals?

    <p>Private hospitals are owned and operated by individuals or organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what classification are hospitals that focus on specific types of clinical care categorized?

    <p>Special hospitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section defines a hospital as a health facility for the diagnosis, treatment and care of individuals?

    <p>Section 6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the foundational laws under which the Revised Rules and Regulations were issued?

    <p>R.A. 4226 and E.O. 102</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the scope of the Revised Rules and Regulations?

    <p>All government and private hospitals and health facilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total amount awarded for Sarah's physical injuries and emotional distress?

    <p>P20,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which executive order addresses the roles and functions of health professionals such as Municipal Health Officers?

    <p>Administrative Order 114</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What amount represents the Punitive Damages awarded to Mark in Sarah's case?

    <p>P50,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much did Sarah receive as Nominal Damages due to the breach of rights?

    <p>P1,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Republic Act 4226 require from hospitals in the Philippines?

    <p>Hospitals must be licensed to operate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the Special Damages incurred by Sarah after the accident?

    <p>P5,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following executive orders pertains to command responsibility?

    <p>Executive Order 226</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one focus of the learning objectives in healthcare for the lesson mentioned?

    <p>Knowing the law in operating a healthcare facility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of nursing care is provided at a First Level Referral Hospital?

    <p>Intermediate, moderate, and partial supervised care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Third Level Referral Hospital?

    <p>Delivers primary care services to local communities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical services are provided at a Second Level Referral Hospital that are not available at a First Level Referral Hospital?

    <p>Surgical procedures and intensive care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What right allows patients to select their healthcare provider and facility?

    <p>Right to Choose Health Care Provider and Facility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a service offered by both First and Second Level Referral Hospitals?

    <p>Clinical laboratory services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hospital serves as a teaching and training facility?

    <p>Third Level Referral Hospital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which right ensures that patients have control over their participation in medical research?

    <p>Right to Refuse Participation in Medical Research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of a Second Level Referral Hospital compared to a First Level Referral Hospital?

    <p>It includes specialty clinical care in its services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ethical Principles in Law

    • Beneficence and Justice are foundational ethical principles in healthcare law.
    • Negligence and anti-discrimination laws protect individuals from harm and discrimination.
    • Non-maleficence emphasizes the obligation to not inflict harm, while autonomy respects patient choices.
    • Criminal law addresses wrongdoing and behavioral accountability.
    • Consent is critical for valid medical interventions and treatments.
    • Confidentiality ensures patient privacy and protects sensitive information.
    • Access to records supports patient rights to knowledge and transparency in healthcare.

    Types of Ethical Problems

    • Ethical Distress occurs when agents know the right action but face barriers.
    • Ethical Dilemmas present situations where two or more conflicting right actions threaten values.
    • Dilemmas of Justice involve distribution of limited resources among multiple beneficiaries.
    • Locus of Authority arises when multiple agents believe their chosen outcome is best for the patient.

    Ethical Decision-Making Process

    • Gather relevant information to understand the context and implications.
    • Identify the specific type of ethical problem to accurately address the situation.
    • Determine the ethical approach to guide decision-making.
    • Explore practical alternatives that respect ethical principles.

    Presidential Decrees in Philippine Healthcare

    • Presidential Decree 46: Prohibits government officials from receiving gifts.
    • Presidential Decree 48: Limits paid maternity leave benefits to four children.
    • Presidential Decree 69: Establishes tax exemption for up to four children.
    • Presidential Decree 147: Declares April and May as National Immunization Days.
    • Presidential Decree 148: Regulates Woman and Child Labor laws.
    • Presidential Decree 166: Strengthens Family Planning programs.
    • Many decrees cover rights and protections for workers, health standards, and public health initiatives.
    • Sarah, a cautious driver, suffers injuries and expenses amounting to P5,000 after being rear-ended by Mark, who was distracted and under the influence.
    • Sarah experiences additional pain and suffering valued at P15,000.
    • The court awards punitive damages of P50,000 to deter future reckless behavior.
    • If Sarah has insurance stipulating damages despite no quantifiable loss, she may receive nominal damages of P1,000.

    Patient Rights under Healthcare Legislation

    • Hospital Licensure Act (Republic Act 4226): Mandates licensing for all hospitals before operation, promoting health service quality.
    • Universal Health Care Act (Republic Act No. 11223): Enforces comprehensive patient rights, ensuring humane treatment and appropriate care.
    • Patient rights include:
      • Right to appropriate medical care and humane treatment.
      • Right to informed consent and medical privacy.
      • Right to choose healthcare providers and access medical records.
      • Right to refuse participation in medical research and make decisions around their treatment.

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    Description

    This quiz explores fundamental ethical principles in law such as beneficence, justice, and non-maleficence. It also delves into various legal aspects including negligence, anti-discrimination laws, and confidentiality. Test your understanding of how these principles manifest in legal contexts.

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