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Which form of ethics is a bottom-up approach to ethics that starts with what society is already doing ethically and develops ethical principles based on the observed actions of people rather than starting with ethical principles and applying them to society?
Which of the following are fundamental standards of right and wrong that an individual learns and internalizes, usually in the early stages of childhood development?
Which ethical principle is the right of self-determination, independence, and freedom and refers to the client’s right to make health-care decisions for himself or herself even if the healthcare provider does not agree with those decisions?
Which ethical principle underlies the first statement in the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics for Nurses: “The nurse in all professional relationships practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and uniqueness of each individual, unrestricted by consideration of social or economic status, personal attributes, or the nature of health problems”?
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In health care, which ethical principle includes the professional’s faithfulness or loyalty to agreements and responsibilities accepted as part of the practice of the profession?
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Which ethical principle is one of the oldest requirements for health-care providers and views the primary goal of health care doing good for clients under their care?
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Which ethical principle requires that health-care providers protect from harm those who cannot protect themselves?
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The primary limitation of which ethical principle occurs when telling the patient, the truth would seriously harm the patient’s ability to recover or would produce greater illness?
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Which legislative act made it mandatory for all health-care facilities, such as hospitals, nursing homes, and home health-care agencies, to provide information to clients about the living will and durable power of attorney for health care?
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Health-care providers making unilateral decisions that disregard patients’ wishes implies that providers alone know what is best for patients. This practice is known as which of the following?
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Citizens of the United States having the right to equal access to housing regardless of race, gender, sexual orientation, or religion is an example of which type of right?
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The belief in universal access to health care in the United States is an example of which type of right?
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Because social media is primarily a means of communication, the standard of care that is most applicable is found in which legislative act that deals with breaches of patient privacy and confidentiality?
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Which type of damages may allow for triple the actual damage awarded?
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Which act informs clients about their right to prepare advance directives in federally funded institutions?
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Which legislative act provides legal criteria to assess breaches of nursing care standards?
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What type of tort requires proof of professional standard of care and deviation from that standard?
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Which ethical principle is related to the issue of abandonment in nursing?
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Which document is a primary source for the quasi-intentional tort of defamation?
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How old does a child need to be before the statute of limitations does not apply to their case?
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What type of awards have some states limited or eliminated due to new tort reform laws?
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The ethical decision-making system that values principles over consequences is known as what?
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Which ethical principle emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to act in the best interest of their clients?
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What principle requires healthcare providers to be honest and transparent with clients?
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Which principle is primarily focused on ensuring fairness in healthcare distribution?
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Which form of ethics primarily studies what people actually believe and do regarding morality?
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What ethical principle is concerned with keeping promises and maintaining trust in professional relationships?
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Which ethical principle addresses the need to avoid causing harm to clients?
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Which principle affirms a client's right to make their own healthcare decisions?
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Which concept refers to the influence of societal norms on personal values and ethics?
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What ethical principle emphasizes the obligation to avoid causing harm to patients?
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Which legislative act requires health-care providers to uphold patient privacy and confidentiality?
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Health-care providers addressing patient needs without involving them in decision-making exemplifies which concept?
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What type of right reflects the belief that all individuals deserve basic access to health care?
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The law that mandates federally funded health care institutions to inform clients of their advance directive rights is known as what?
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Which type of intentional tort is most frequently encountered in nursing?
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Which principle underlies the concept of fairness and equality among individuals in health care?
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In health care, which type of damages may be awarded to punish the defendant and deter future misconduct?
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What legislative act addresses issues of patient confidentiality in a digital age, especially considering social media?
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What ethical principle involves acting for the benefit of the patient and promoting their best interests?
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In nursing, which concept relates to the ethical duty to maintain trust by providing honest information?
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What type of law primarily governs breaches of duty in nursing practice?
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Which act provides the legal foundation for assessing whether a nurse has met the required standard of care?
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Under what scenario might the statute of limitations for filing claims involving children be extended?
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Study Notes
Ethics
- Descriptive ethics is a bottom-up approach to ethics that observes what society is doing ethically and then develops ethical principles based on those actions.
- Values are fundamental standards of right and wrong that an individual learns and internalizes.
- Autonomy is the right of self-determination, independence, and freedom, it refers to the client’s right to make healthcare decisions for themselves.
- Justice is the principle of fairness.
- Fidelity is the principle of faithfulness and loyalty to agreements and responsibilities.
- Veracity is the principle of truthfulness.
- Beneficence is the principle of doing good for clients under care.
- Nonmaleficence requires healthcare providers to protect from harm those who cannot protect themselves.
- Paternalism occurs when healthcare providers make unilateral decisions that disregard clients' wishes.
- Welfare rights are rights that entitle individuals to certain goods or benefits, such as healthcare or housing, regardless of their ability to pay for them.
Legal Issues in Nursing
- Malpractice is professional negligence by a healthcare professional.
- Tort law is a type of law that deals with civil wrongs that cause harm to others.
- Battery is the intentional act of causing physical harm to another person.
- Abandonment is the termination of a professional relationship with a client without appropriate notice or without making provisions for the continuation of care.
- Confidentiality is the principle of keeping private information secret.
- Punitive damages are awarded to punish a defendant for their actions and to deter other defendants from engaging in similar actions.
- Patient Self-Determination Act requires all federally funded institutions to inform clients of their right to prepare advance directives.
- Nurse Practice Act provides a framework to determine whether a nurse has breached a standard of care.
- Medical record documentation is a primary source of information for legal cases, including cases involving defamation, breach of confidentiality, and negligence.
- Negligence is the failure to provide reasonable care.
- Malpractice is a type of negligence that occurs when a healthcare professional fails to meet the standard of care.
- Statute of limitations is a time limit within which a lawsuit must be filed.
- Punitive damages are damages awarded to punish a defendant for their actions.
- Contributory negligence is a defense to negligence that claims the plaintiff was also negligent.
- Assumption of risk is a defense to negligence that claims the plaintiff knew and understood the risks of a particular activity.
Ethics
- Descriptive ethics is a bottom-up approach to ethics, starting with societal observations of ethical actions and developing principles based on them.
- Values are fundamental standards learned in early childhood, shaping right and wrong perceptions.
- Autonomy is the ethical principle of self-determination and independence, allowing clients to make health-care decisions despite provider disagreement.
- Justice is the ethical principle at the core of the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics, emphasizing respect for individuals regardless of social or economic status.
- Fidelity is the ethical principle of faithfulness to agreements and responsibilities within professional practice.
- Beneficence is the ethical principle of doing good for clients, emphasizing the primary goal of healthcare.
- Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle requiring healthcare providers to protect those unable to protect themselves from harm.
- Veracity is the ethical principle of truthfulness. The primary limitation occurs when disclosing the truth would harm the client's recovery or worsen their condition.
- The Patient Self-Determination Act mandates healthcare facilities to inform clients about living wills and durable power of attorney for healthcare.
- Paternalism occurs when healthcare providers make unilateral decisions based on their belief of knowing what's best for clients, disregarding client wishes.
- Welfare rights are rights based on entitlement to certain goods and services, such as universal healthcare access in the United States.
- The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act addresses breaches of patient privacy and confidentiality, applicable to social media as a communication tool.
- A slow-code order is an instruction given to nurses to go through the motions of resuscitation without actually attempting to revive the patient, often to comfort the family.
- Deontology is a system of ethical decision-making based on the ethical absoluteness of principles regardless of consequences.
Legal and Ethical Issues in Nursing
- Illegal diversion of drugs is the most common criminal law violation by nurses.
- Tort law governs most legal issues involving nurses.
- Battery is the most common intentional tort in nursing practice.
- Abandonment falls under the ethical principle of nonmaleficence.
- The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act has heightened awareness of confidentiality in healthcare.
- Treble damages are awarded in certain instances, tripling the actual damage amount.
- The Patient Self-Determination Act requires federally funded institutions to inform clients about advance directives.
- The Nurse Practice Act provides a framework for court decisions regarding nurse breaches of care standards.
- Malpractice requires a deviation from the professional standard of care and a direct causal link to an injury.
- Abandonment has become a significant legal and ethical issue due to the ongoing nursing shortage.
- Defamation of character is a quasi-intentional tort often linked to medical record documentation.
- The statute of limitations for child-related cases extends until the person reaches 21 years of age.
- Tort reform laws have limited or eliminated punitive damages.
- Punitive damages are typically very large, serving as a deterrent for other healthcare providers.
- Defense of the fact is a legal argument that claims a nurse's actions followed standards of care or that the actions, even if violating standards, were not the direct cause of the injury.
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Description
This quiz covers fundamental concepts of ethics in healthcare, including key principles such as autonomy, justice, and beneficence. Test your understanding of descriptive ethics, as well as values and rights related to healthcare decision-making. Join to explore the ethical responsibilities of healthcare providers.
